Categorize the following causes of acute kidney injury (AKI) as prerenal, intrarenal, or postrenal:
Severe Dehydration
Sepsis
Acute Tubular Necrosis (ATN)
CHF (Congestive Heart Failure)
Gentamicin (Aminoglycoside antibiotic toxicity)
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)
Renal Calculi (Kidney Stones)
The Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"A"},"B":{"answers":"A"},"C":{"answers":"B"},"D":{"answers":"A"},"E":{"answers":"B"},"F":{"answers":"C"},"G":{"answers":"C"}}
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Prerenal
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Intrarenal
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Postrenal
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Severe Dehydration Sepsis CHF (Congestive Heart Failure)
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Acute Tubular Necrosis (ATN) Gentamicin (Aminoglycoside antibiotic toxicity) |
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) Renal Calculi (Kidney Stones)
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Severe Dehydration: Prerenal
Decreased blood flow to the kidneys due to low volume.
Sepsis: Prerenal
Hypotension from systemic infection reduces kidney perfusion.
CHF (Congestive Heart Failure): Prerenal
Reduced cardiac output leads to inadequate renal perfusion.
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH): Postrenal
Urinary outflow obstruction causes back pressure on the kidneys
Renal Calculi (Kidney Stones): Postrenal
Blockage in the urinary tract prevents urine excretion, leading to kidney damage.
Acute Tubular Necrosis (ATN): Intrarenal
Direct injury to kidney tubules due to ischemia or toxins.
Gentamicin (Aminoglycoside antibiotic toxicity): Intrarenal
Causes nephrotoxicity, damaging renal tubules directly.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
(A) Achondroplasia: Causes short stature due to impaired bone growth.
(B) Marfan Syndrome: An autosomal dominant connective tissue disorder associated with tall stature, long limbs, and aortic aneurysm risk.
(C) Cystic Fibrosis: Affects the lungs and pancreas but does not cause tall stature or cardiovascular issues.
(D) Huntington’s Disease: Affects the nervous system, causing movement disorders, not tall stature.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
(A) Administer Corticosteroids: PKD is not an inflammatory disease, so steroids are not the first-line treatment.
(B) Encourage Dietary Protein Intake: High-protein diets can worsen kidney damage in PKD patients.
(C) Monitor Blood Pressure: Hypertension is a common and serious complication of PKD. Controlling blood pressure can slow disease progression and reduce the risk of further kidney damage.
(D) Prepare for Immediate Dialysis: Dialysis is not required unless the patient has end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Early-stage PKD is managed with symptom control and blood pressure management.
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