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What is the observable characteristic of an individual known as?

Phenotype

Chromosome

Genotype

Allele

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

(A) Phenotype: Represents observable traits such as height, eye color, and blood type.

(B) Chromosome: Structure carrying genetic information, not a trait.

(C) Genotype: The genetic makeup, not the observable characteristics.

(D) Allele: Different versions of a gene, but not the overall appearance.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

(A) Erythropoietin Injection: CKD patients often develop anemia due to reduced erythropoietin production by the kidneys. Administering synthetic erythropoietin stimulates red blood cell production.

(B) Packed Red Blood Cells Transfusion: Reserved for severe anemia (Hgb < 7 g/dL) or symptomatic cases, not mild anemia.

(C) Intravenous Iron Infusion: Used if iron deficiency is present, but erythropoietin deficiency is the main issue in CKD anemia.

(D) Platelet Transfusion: Platelets are used for bleeding disorders, not anemia.

(E) Bone Marrow Transplant: Not a treatment for CKD-related anemia, which is not caused by bone marrow failure.

A. prevent constipation. B. minimize gingival hyperplasia. C. prevent recurrent chest pain D. reduce flushing.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

(A) Prevent constipation: Calcium channel blockers can cause constipation, but metoprolol does not prevent it.

(B) Minimize gingival hyperplasia: Gingival hyperplasia is a side effect of calcium channel blockers, but metoprolol does not counteract it.

(C) Prevent recurrent chest pain: Nifedipine can cause reflex tachycardia, which increases myocardial oxygen demand. Metoprolol (a beta-blocker) prevents this by slowing the heart rate and reducing myocardial workload, thereby preventing angina.

(D) Reduce flushing: Flushing is a side effect of nifedipine, but metoprolol is not used for this purpose.

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What is the observable characteristic of an individual known as?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a patient with CKD who has a hemoglobin level of 8.8 g/dL. Which treatment is expected? (Normal Hgb is 11.6 to 16 g/dL)

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

An Angina Pectoris patient begins taking nifedipine [Procardia] a calcium channel blocker, along with metoprolol, to treat hypertension. The nurse understands that metoprolol is used to:

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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