Assessment of a pregnant woman reveals a pigmented vertical line between the umbilicus and the pubis. The nurse documents this finding as:
Select one:
Vascular spider veins.
Linea nigra.
Melasma.
Striae gravidarum.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A Reason: Vascular spider veins. This is an incorrect answer that refers to a different skin change that occurs during pregnancy, which affects the blood vessels, not the pigment. Vascular spider veins are small red or purple clusters of blood vessels that appear on the skin, especially on the face, neck, chest, or legs. Vascular spider veins are caused by increased blood volume and hormonal changes, which dilate and rupture the capillaries. Vascular spider veins are harmless and usually disappear after delivery.
Choice B Reason: Linea nigra. This is because linea nigra is a term that refers to a darkened vertical line that appears on the abdomen during pregnancy, which runs from the umbilicus to the pubis. Linea nigra is caused by increased production of melanin, which is a pigment that gives color to the skin and hair. Linea nigra is more common and noticeable in women with darker skin tones, and it usually fades after delivery.
Choice C Reason: Melasma. This is an incorrect answer that refers to a different skin change that occurs during pregnancy, which affects the pigment, but not in a linear patern. Melasma is a term that refers to patches of brown or gray-brown discoloration that appear on the face, especially on the forehead, cheeks, nose, or upper lip. Melasma is also caused by increased production of melanin, but it is influenced by sun exposure and genetic factors. Melasma is also known as chloasma or the mask of pregnancy, and it may persist after delivery.
Choice D Reason: Striae gravidarum. This is an incorrect answer that refers to a different skin change that occurs during pregnancy, which affects the connective tissue, not the pigment. Striae gravidarum are stretch marks that appear on the skin, especially on the abdomen, breasts, hips, or thighs. Striae gravidarum are caused by rapid growth and stretching of the skin, which damage the collagen and elastin fibers. Striae gravidarum are initially red or purple, but they fade to white or silver after delivery.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A Reason: Latent phase of the first stage of labor. This is because this phase is characterized by mild and irregular contractions, slow cervical dilation (up to 4 cm), minimal cervical effacement (up to 40%), and minimal discomfort or pain. The latent phase is also known as the early phase or preparatory phase of labor.
Choice B Reason: Transition phase of the first stage of labor. This is an incorrect answer that describes a different phase with different characteristics. The transition phase is marked by strong and frequent contractions, rapid cervical dilation (from 8 to 10 cm), complete cervical effacement (100%), and intense discomfort or pain. The transition phase is also known as the terminal phase or acceleration phase of labor.
Choice C Reason: Perineal phase of the second stage of labor. This is an incorrect answer that refers to another stage and phase with different features. The second stage of labor begins with complete cervical dilation (10 cm) and ends with delivery of the baby. The perineal phase is the last part of the second stage, where the baby's head crowns and emerges through the vaginal opening.
Choice D Reason: Active phase of the first stage of labor. This is an incorrect answer that indicates another phase with different atributes. The active phase is characterized by moderate and regular contractions, progressive cervical dilation (from 4 to 8 cm), increased cervical effacement (from 40% to 80%), and increased discomfort or pain. The active phase is also known as the middle phase or dilatation phase of labor.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A Reason: Provide compassionate and accurate information throughout the process and support them to make their own decisions. This is a therapeutic strategy that demonstrates empathy, honesty, and advocacy for the couple. It also helps them understand their options, risks, benefits, and alternatives, and encourages them to participate in their care.
Choice B Reason: Inquire about the names they have chosen for their baby to get their mind off their stress. This is a non-therapeutic strategy that avoids addressing the couple's concerns, minimizes their feelings, and may create false hope or unrealistic expectations.
Choice C Reason: Express sympathy and provide directive advice to the couple about what they should do. This is a non-therapeutic strategy that shows pity, imposes personal values, and undermines the couple's self-determination.
Choice D Reason: Refer them to a marriage counselor in the same building to help them with the decisions. This is a non-therapeutic strategy that implies that the couple has marital problems, shifts responsibility, and may create resentment or resistance.
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