As a nurse, you understand that when patients have latent TB:

They will be treated with medications for 2 years

They will always test negative on a Mantoux test

They can spread it to others until they have 3 negative sputum tests

They can't spread it to others

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A.   While patients with latent TB may be treated to prevent progression to active TB, the treatment duration is generally shorter—typically around 3 to 9 months, depending on the medication regimen (e.g., isoniazid for 9 months or rifampin for 4 months).
B.   Individuals with latent TB will usually test positive on a Mantoux test (also known as a tuberculin skin test), indicating they have been exposed to the TB bacteria. However, those with latent TB do not have active disease and may not have symptoms.
C.   Individuals with latent TB do not spread the bacteria to others because the infection is contained and does not cause active disease. Only those with active TB can transmit the bacteria, regardless of sputum test results.
D.   Patients with latent TB are not contagious and cannot spread the bacteria to others. The bacteria remain inactive in the body, and only a small percentage of these individuals may develop active TB in the future.

Nursing Test Bank

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. PT (Prothrombin Time) and INR (International Normalized Ratio) are tests primarily used to evaluate blood coagulation and the effectiveness of anticoagulant therapy. While they can provide some insight into a patient's overall health, they are not specific indicators of inflammation.
B. CRP is a protein produced by the liver in response to inflammation. It is a well-established marker for detecting acute inflammation and is commonly used in clinical settings to assess inflammatory conditions.
C. ESR measures how quickly red blood cells settle at the bottom of a test tube. An elevated ESR is a classic indicator of inflammation in the body and is commonly used in diagnosing various inflammatory conditions.
D. Procalcitonin is a biomarker that can indicate bacterial infections and systemic inflammation. It is increasingly used in clinical practice to assess the severity of infection and inflammation, particularly in cases of sepsis.

A. Hgb of less than 11 B. aPTT of 120 seconds C. Hgb of more than 11 D. PT/INR of 3.5

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Epoetin Alfa is typically used to treat anemia, and it is often indicated when hemoglobin (Hgb) levels are below 11 g/dL. Therefore, if the Hgb is less than 11, it would be appropriate to administer the medication to help increase red blood cell production.
B. Do not hold. An activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) of 120 seconds indicates a prolonged coagulation time, which increases the risk of bleeding. However, Epoetin Alfa does not have a direct impact on coagulation, so this value alone would not warrant holding the medication.
C. Epoetin Alfa is generally not indicated if the Hgb level is already above 11 g/dL, particularly if there’s a risk of increasing the Hgb above the recommended therapeutic range (often above 12 g/dL). If the Hgb exceeds this level, the medication should be held to prevent complications such as thromboembolic events.
D. A PT/INR of 3.5 indicates a significantly prolonged prothrombin time, suggesting a high risk of bleeding. However, Epoetin Alfa does not directly cause bleeding.

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As a nurse, you understand that when patients have latent TB:

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which of the following lab tests is NOT commonly ordered to ascertain whether the patient is experiencing large amounts of inflammation?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Your cancer patient has bone marrow suppression from their chemotherapy treatments, and is scheduled to receive Epoetin Alfa shots 3 times per week. Which of the following lab values would cause you to hold the administration of the medication for safety concerns?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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