An unresponsive male victim of a diving accident is brought to the emergency department where it is determined that immediate surgery is required to save his life.

The client is accompanied by a close friend, but no family members are available.

Which action should the nurse take first?

Choice A rationale:

The educational materials should contain a list with definitions of unfamiliar terms because older clients may not be familiar with medical terminology. Providing definitions can enhance their understanding of the new antihypertensive medications and promote medication adherence.

Choice B rationale:

Writing materials at a twelfth-grade reading level may not be appropriate for older clients. Many older individuals may have lower literacy levels, and using complex language can lead to confusion and hinder comprehension. Simple and clear language is more effective in educating this population.

Choice C rationale:

Using common words with few syllables is important for ensuring that older clients can easily understand the educational materials. Complex language and lengthy words can make it difficult for them to grasp important information about their antihypertensive medications.

Choice D rationale:

Using pictures to help illustrate complex ideas is essential when educating older clients. Visual aids can enhance comprehension and retention of information, especially for individuals who may have cognitive impairments or difficulty with written text.

Choice E rationale:

Printing materials using a 12-point type font is important for ensuring that the text is easy to read for older clients. Smaller fonts can be challenging for individuals with visual impairments, and readability is crucial for effective education.

Choice B rationale:

Giving the wife a straw to help facilitate the client's drinking is not the most appropriate action in this situation. The client's facial paralysis and inability to move his left side could be indicative of a possible stroke or cerebral vascular accident (CVA). Before attempting to give the client fluids, it is essential to assess his swallowing reflex to prevent aspiration and ensure safety. Using a straw may not address the underlying issue.

Choice C rationale:

Assisting the wife and carefully giving the client small sips of water without assessing the swallowing reflex can be risky. If the client has impaired swallowing, this action could lead to aspiration and further complications. Assessing the client's ability to swallow is the priority to ensure safe oral intake.

Choice D rationale:

Obtaining thickening powder before providing any more fluids is premature without first assessing the client's swallowing ability. Thickened liquids may be necessary if the client has dysphagia, but the nurse should assess the client's condition and consult with the healthcare provider before making this decision. Assessing the swallowing reflex is the first step in determining the appropriate course of action.