An adult client receives a prescription for diphenhydramine 15 mL PO every 12 hours PRN for pruritus. The bottle is labeled, "Diphenhydramine 12.5 mg/5 mL." What is the total daily dose in mg that the client receives? (Enter numerical value only.)
The Correct Answer is ["75"]
Dose per administration in milliliters = 15 mL.
Concentration of the medication = 12.5 mg/5 mL.
- Calculate the amount of medication in milligrams (mg) per administration.
Amount per administration (mg) = Dose per administration (mL) × (Concentration (mg) / Volume (mL))
= 15 mL × (12.5 mg / 5 mL)
= 15 mL × 2.5 mg/mL
= 37.5 mg.
- Determine the number of doses per day.
Doses are given every 12 hours, so Number of doses per day = 24 hours / 12 hours/dose
= 2 doses/day.
- Calculate the total daily dose in milligrams (mg).
Total daily dose (mg) = Amount per administration (mg) × Number of doses per day
= 37.5 mg × 2 doses
= 75 mg.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Procure platelet products from the blood bank: UAPs may be delegated non-invasive tasks such as transporting lab specimens or retrieving blood products. This task does not require nursing judgment and is appropriate for delegation under routine supervision.
B. Titrate oxygen to the prescribed parameters: Titrating oxygen requires assessment and clinical judgment, as adjustments depend on vital signs and client condition. This is within the RN or LPN scope, not the UAP’s, due to the potential for rapid status changes.
C. Insert a urinary catheter for an uncomplicated client: Insertion of catheters is an invasive procedure that requires sterile technique and knowledge of anatomy. This task must be performed by a licensed nurse, not a UAP, even in uncomplicated cases.
D. Monitor an IV infusion rate on an established schedule: Although observation is within the UAP role, monitoring IV infusions involves understanding flow rates, recognizing signs of infiltration or complications, and making clinical decisions, all of which exceed UAP scope.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Hydrocortisone: Addison’s disease is characterized by insufficient cortisol production. The client’s symptoms, including weakness, confusion, and dehydration, along with laboratory values indicating low sodium, low glucose, and elevated potassium, suggest an adrenal crisis. Hydrocortisone is the primary.
B. Regular insulin: Regular insulin is used to lower blood glucose levels, but the client’s glucose level is already low, not high. Insulin could worsen the client's hypoglycemia. The focus should be on correcting the cortisol deficiency rather than administering insulin.
C. Broad spectrum antibiotic: While antibiotics may be needed if there’s a concern for infection, there’s no evidence of active infection here. The priority is addressing the client's Addisonian crisis, which is primarily treated with hydrocortisone, not antibiotics.
D. Potassium chloride: The client's potassium is elevated (5.3 mEq/L), but potassium chloride is not indicated in this case. The priority is to manage the underlying adrenal crisis, which will address the electrolyte imbalance.
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