All are symptoms of autism spectrum disorder except.
Stereotypic movements
Restricted interest
Social communication deficit
Receptive language dysfunction
The Correct Answer is D
A. Stereotypic movements. Repetitive motor behaviors, such as hand-flapping, rocking, and spinning, are characteristic of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). These stereotypic movements serve as self-stimulatory behaviors and may help regulate sensory input.
B. Restricted interest. Individuals with ASD often display intense, fixated interests in specific topics or objects (e.g., an obsession with maps, numbers, or train schedules). These restricted interests are highly focused and often interfere with daily functioning.
C. Social communication deficit. Impaired social interaction and communication are core features of ASD. Affected individuals struggle with understanding social cues, making eye contact, interpreting facial expressions, and engaging in reciprocal conversations.
D. Receptive language dysfunction. While language delays can be present in ASD, receptive language dysfunction (difficulty understanding spoken language) is more characteristic of specific language impairment (SLI) or aphasia rather than ASD. In ASD, deficits in pragmatic (social) communication are more pronounced than in purely receptive language processing.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Delusions are a positive symptom of schizophrenia, not a negative symptom. They are false, fixed beliefs that persist despite evidence to the contrary. Common types include persecutory, grandiose, and bizarre delusions. Positive symptoms result from excess dopamine activity in the mesolimbic pathway.
B. Avolition is a negative symptom characterized by a lack of motivation to initiate and sustain goal-directed activities. It leads to difficulties with personal hygiene, work, and social engagement, significantly impairing daily functioning.
C. Apathy is a negative symptom marked by a lack of interest, enthusiasm, or emotional responsiveness. Individuals with schizophrenia may show indifference to social interactions, personal achievements, or daily activities.
D. Alogia (poverty of speech) is a negative symptom where individuals speak less and provide minimal verbal responses. This reflects impaired thought processing and reduced cognitive engagement, common in schizophrenia's mesocortical dopamine pathway dysfunction.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. False belief that someone is following. This describes a persecutory delusion, a type of false, fixed belief where a person is convinced they are being watched, followed, or harmed despite no evidence. Delusions are thought disturbances, whereas illusions involve misinterpretations of sensory stimuli.
B. Misinterpretation of real experience. An illusion occurs when a person misperceives an actual external stimulus. For example, seeing a coat hanging in a dark room and mistaking it for a person. Unlike hallucinations, illusions are based on real sensory input that is distorted or misinterpreted.
C. Feeling things that are not there. This describes a tactile hallucination, where a person experiences false sensory perceptions of touch, such as bugs crawling on the skin. Tactile hallucinations are commonly seen in substance withdrawal (e.g., alcohol withdrawal, cocaine intoxication) and psychotic disorders.
D. Hearing voices that are not there. This describes an auditory hallucination, the most common type of hallucination in schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders. Unlike illusions, hallucinations occur without any external stimulus and are perceived as real by the affected individual.
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