According to the Nursing intellectual Capital (NIC) Theory, which factor increases overall organizational improvement?

A. This is a primary responsibility of case management services. Case managers coordinate various aspects of a client’s care, including arranging for home health care services. They work with healthcare providers and agencies to ensure the client receives the necessary services and resources, such as nursing care, physical therapy, or other supportive services at home.
B. Writing prescriptions is the responsibility of licensed healthcare providers such as physicians or nurse practitioners, not case managers. Case managers do not have the authority to prescribe medications; instead, they focus on coordinating care and ensuring that clients have access to the necessary resources and services.
C. Performing specific nursing skills, such as dressing changes, is within the scope of practice for registered nurses or other licensed nursing professionals. Case managers typically do not provide direct clinical care or perform nursing procedures. Their role is more focused on coordinating care and ensuring that clinical needs are met through appropriate services and providers.
D. Providing education about medication adverse effects falls within the role of healthcare providers who prescribe and manage medications, such as physicians, nurse practitioners, or pharmacists. While case managers may assist in coordinating educational resources and facilitating communication between the client and healthcare providers, they generally do not provide direct medication education.

A. Critical pathways are designed to standardize care and ensure that key interventions and assessments are performed within specific timeframes to achieve optimal outcomes. However, flexibility might be necessary based on individual patient needs, and strict adherence to the exact order may not always be feasible or appropriate.
B. Critical pathways are primarily used to guide the management of specific clinical conditions or procedures rather than health promotion activities. They focus on improving the efficiency and effectiveness of patient care for specific diagnoses or treatments rather than general health promotion.

C. Critical pathways aim to standardize care and improve outcomes by following evidence-based practices, which can lead to more efficient use of resources and reduced costs. By streamlining care processes and minimizing variations, critical pathways can help achieve better patient outcomes and cost savings.
D. Critical pathways are typically developed by multidisciplinary teams, including clinical experts, to create standardized care plans based on best practices for specific conditions or procedures. They are not usually developed by individual providers for individual clients.