A young man with malaria spikes a temperature of 105 F (40.5°C) and begins to hallucinate. How should the nurse assess this?

Anxiety disorder

Delirium

Early onset dementia

Psychotic break

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A.   While anxiety can cause symptoms like hallucinations, it's typically not associated with a sudden onset due to a physical illness and a high fever.
B.   Delirium is an acute confusional state often caused by medical conditions, such as infections (like malaria), and is characterized by rapid onset, fluctuations in consciousness, and disturbances in attention, perception, and cognition. Hallucinations are a common symptom of delirium.
C.   Dementia is a progressive decline in cognitive function, which usually develops gradually over time, not suddenly due to a fever.
D.   While hallucinations are a symptom of psychosis, they are typically associated with underlying mental health conditions rather than a sudden physical illness.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Competitive games can create stress or pressure, which may exacerbate feelings of inadequacy or hopelessness in patients with severe depression. The competitive nature of these activities might lead to increased anxiety or feelings of failure, which can be counterproductive.

A. A surgical procedure that drills holes in the front of the skull to drain fluid. B. A surgical procedure that severs the frontal lobes of the brain from the thalamus. C. A procedure that delivers an electrical stimulus to the frontal lobes of the brain. D. A surgical procedure that inserts implants into the frontal lobes of the brain.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Drilling holes in the skull to drain fluid is more aligned with procedures for treating conditions like hydrocephalus (accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain) rather than a lobotomy. A lobotomy involves more invasive alterations to brain tissue.
B. In a prefrontal lobotomy, the surgeon would sever the connections between the frontal lobes and other parts of the brain, including the thalamus, to disrupt neural pathways. This was done in an attempt to alter behavior and mood. The procedure aimed to modify the function of the frontal lobes to reduce symptoms of severe mental disorders, but it often had significant and detrimental side effects.
C. This description refers to electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), not a lobotomy. ECT involves applying electrical currents to the brain to induce controlled seizures and is used to treat severe depression and other mental health conditions. It is different from the surgical approach of a lobotomy.
D. This description does not accurately describe a lobotomy. The lobotomy procedure involved cutting or damaging brain tissue rather than inserting implants. The insertion of implants into the brain is not characteristic of lobotomy and is not a common practice in the historical context of this procedure.

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A young man with malaria spikes a temperature of 105 F (40.5°C) and begins to hallucinate. How should the nurse assess this?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Patients with severe depression should be encouraged to play competitive games with other patients as a form of recreation.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

In the early 20th century, a frontal lobotomy was a common treatment for violent behaviors. Which descriptions procedure is accurate?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A client who usually is very active in her therapy group tells the nurse that she really does "not feel well today" and would "rather not attend the group therapy session. Which is the nurse's most appropriate response?

Depression in the elderly is:

A client is admitted to a psychiatric unit for treatment of a psychotic disorder. The client is at the locked exit door and is shouting. "Let me out! There's nothing wrong with me! I don't belong here!" The nurse identifies this behavior as which defense mechanism?

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with the family of a client who has a new diagnosis of dementia. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

Theories that view depression as a group of learned responses are called theories.

What is the therapeutic level range for lithium?

A nurse is assisting with the development of a community health education class about suicide prevention. Which of the following information should th nurse identify as risk factors for suicide? (Select all that apply.)

Severe, prolonged depression affects a person's risk for physical illness by