A woman undergoes a mammogram test for cancer screening. This is an example of:

Primary prevention

Secondary prevention

Disease treatment

Tertiary prevention

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A Reason:

Primary prevention involves measures taken to prevent the onset of a disease before it occurs. This includes lifestyle interventions such as a healthy diet, regular physical activity, and vaccinations. Mammograms, however, are not used to prevent breast cancer from occurring but to detect it early.

Choice B Reason:

Secondary prevention aims to detect and address a disease early in its course to prevent progression. Mammograms are a classic example of secondary prevention because they are used to screen for breast cancer in women who do not yet show symptoms2. Early detection through mammograms can lead to earlier treatment, which can significantly improve outcomes and reduce mortality rates.

Choice C Reason:

Disease treatment refers to the direct management of a diagnosed condition. For breast cancer, this could include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and other medical interventions. Mammograms are not a treatment but a diagnostic tool used to detect the presence of cancer.

Choice D Reason:

Tertiary prevention focuses on managing and mitigating the complications of an existing disease to prevent further deterioration. For breast cancer, this might involve rehabilitation, ongoing treatment to prevent recurrence, and palliative care. Mammograms are used for early detection, not for managing complications of already diagnosed cancer.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A Reason:

Atrophy refers to the reduction in size or wasting away of an organ or tissue due to a decrease in cell size or number. It is not a type of cell death but rather a process of cell shrinkage and loss of function. Therefore, it does not directly relate to the damage caused to nearby cells.

Choice B Reason:

This is the correct answer. Apoptosis is a form of programmed cell death that occurs in a controlled and regulated manner. It allows for the removal of damaged or unnecessary cells without causing an inflammatory response or damage to surrounding tissues. During apoptosis, cellular components are neatly packaged into vesicles called apoptotic bodies, which are then phagocytosed by neighboring cells or immune cells, preventing the release of harmful substances.

Choice C Reason:

Necrosis is a form of traumatic cell death that results from acute cellular injury. It often leads to the uncontrolled release of cellular contents, causing inflammation and damage to surrounding tissues. This process can be detrimental to nearby cells and is generally considered more harmful than apoptosis.

Choice D Reason:

Lysis refers to the breaking down or destruction of cells, often due to external factors such as toxins, infections, or immune responses. Like necrosis, lysis can result in the release of cellular contents into the surrounding environment, leading to inflammation and damage to nearby cells.

A. Beta2 agonist B. Anticholinergic C. Beta2 antagonist D. Alpha1 agonist

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A Reason:

Beta2 agonists, such as terbutaline, are commonly used to manage premature labor. These drugs work by stimulating beta2 adrenergic receptors in the smooth muscles of the uterus, leading to relaxation and suppression of contractions. Therefore, questioning the use of a beta2 agonist in this scenario would not be appropriate.

Choice B Reason:

Anticholinergic drugs are not typically used to manage premature labor. They work by blocking the action of acetylcholine in the nervous system, which can lead to various effects such as reduced secretions and relaxation of smooth muscles. However, they are not specifically indicated for stopping uterine contractions, so questioning their use in this context is less relevant.

Choice C Reason:

This is the correct answer. Beta2 antagonists, also known as beta-blockers, work by blocking beta2 adrenergic receptors, which can lead to increased uterine contractions. Using a beta2 antagonist in a patient experiencing premature labor would be counterproductive and could exacerbate the condition. Therefore, it is appropriate to question the use of beta2 antagonists in this scenario.

Choice D Reason:

Alpha1 agonists are not typically used in the management of premature labor. These drugs stimulate alpha1 adrenergic receptors, leading to vasoconstriction and increased blood pressure. They do not have a direct effect on uterine contractions, so questioning their use in this context is less relevant.

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A woman undergoes a mammogram test for cancer screening. This is an example of:

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which type of cell death causes the least damage to cells that are nearby?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A pregnant patient is in premature labor. Which class of drug will you question?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Chronic activation of stress hormones can lead to: Select all that apply:

A report comes back indicating that muscular hypertrophy has occurred. A nurse recalls that muscular hypertrophy involves an increase in muscle cell:

A female student is driving to school when another driver nearly hits her. Her heart begins beating hard and fast as she becomes scared and aroused. Which of the following stages of the general adaptation syndrome is she experiencing?

The nurse is teaching nursing students about the concept of medications’ half-life. The nurse asks students: If we administer 10 mg of medication X, which has a half-life of one day, to the patient, how much medication will remain in the patient’s body after three days?

Which are effective ways to help prevent medication errors? Select All That Apply

Medication A has a half-life of 3 hours. If the nurse administers a single dose of 400 mg of medication A, how much will excrete from the patient’s body after 12 hours?

What is the process that results in cellular death?

A nursing student is preparing to give a medication that has a boxed warning. The student asks the nurse what this means. What will the nurse explain about boxed warnings?