The nurse is teaching nursing students about the concept of medications’ half-life. The nurse asks students: If we administer 10 mg of medication X, which has a half-life of one day, to the patient, how much medication will remain in the patient’s body after three days?
0 mg, the medication will be out of the patient’s body.
1.25 mg.
5 mg.
1 mg.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A Reason:
The statement that the medication will be completely out of the patient’s body after three days is incorrect. The half-life of a drug indicates the time it takes for the concentration of the drug in the body to reduce by half. After one half-life (one day), 50% of the drug remains. After two half-lives (two days), 25% remains. After three half-lives (three days), 12.5% remains. Therefore, some amount of the drug will still be present in the body after three days.
Choice B Reason:
To calculate the amount of medication remaining after three days, we use the half-life formula. Starting with 10 mg, after one day (one half-life), 5 mg remains. After two days (two half-lives), 2.5 mg remains. After three days (three half-lives), 1.25 mg remains. This calculation shows that 1.25 mg of the medication will still be in the patient’s body after three days.
Choice C Reason:
The choice of 5 mg is incorrect because it represents the amount of medication remaining after one half-life (one day), not three half-lives. After one day, 50% of the initial dose remains, which is 5 mg. However, the question asks for the amount remaining after three days.
Choice D Reason:
The choice of 1 mg is also incorrect. After three half-lives, the amount of medication remaining is 12.5% of the initial dose. For an initial dose of 10 mg, this would be 1.25 mg, not 1 mg. The calculation must accurately reflect the reduction by half for each half-life period.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A Reason:
Vomiting is not a risk factor for a heart attack but rather a symptom that can occur during a heart attack. Risk factors are conditions or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing a disease. Vomiting can be a sign of various conditions, including gastrointestinal issues or even a heart attack, but it does not contribute to the risk of having a heart attack.
Choice B Reason:
Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is a significant risk factor for heart attacks. It causes the heart to work harder than normal, leading to the thickening of the heart muscle and narrowing of the arteries. Over time, this increased workload can damage the arteries, making them more susceptible to blockages that can cause a heart attack. Managing blood pressure through lifestyle changes and medication is crucial in reducing the risk of heart attacks.
Choice C Reason:
Chest pain is a common symptom of a heart attack but not a risk factor. Risk factors are pre-existing conditions or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing a disease. Chest pain, also known as angina, occurs when there is reduced blood flow to the heart muscle, often due to blockages in the coronary arteries. While chest pain indicates a potential heart problem, it is not a contributing factor to the development of a heart attack.
Choice D Reason:
Cell necrosis refers to the death of cells, which can occur during a heart attack when the blood supply to part of the heart muscle is blocked. This is a consequence of a heart attack rather than a risk factor. Risk factors are conditions or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing a disease, whereas cell necrosis is a result of the disease process.
Correct Answer is ["A","C"]
Explanation
Choice A Reason:
Acidosis is indicated by a pH lower than the normal range of 7.35-7.45. In this case, the patient’s pH is 7.3, which confirms acidosis. Acidosis can be caused by either respiratory or metabolic factors, but the low pH alone confirms the presence of acidosis.
Choice B Reason:
Compensation refers to the body’s attempt to return the pH to normal by adjusting the levels of CO2 or HCO3-. In this case, the HCO3- level is within the normal range (22-26 mEq/L), indicating that there is no metabolic compensation occurring. Therefore, this choice is incorrect.
Choice C Reason:
Respiratory acidosis is indicated by an elevated PaCO2 level, which is higher than the normal range of 36-44 mmHg. The patient’s PaCO2 is 48 mmHg, suggesting that the acidosis is due to respiratory factors. This is consistent with the patient’s history of smoking and symptoms of respiratory distress.
Choice D Reason:
Alkalosis is indicated by a pH higher than the normal range of 7.35-7.45. Since the patient’s pH is 7.3, which is below the normal range, this indicates acidosis, not alkalosis. Therefore, this choice is incorrect.
Choice E Reason:
Metabolic acidosis is indicated by a low HCO3- level. In this case, the patient’s HCO3- level is within the normal range (25 mEq/L), indicating that the acidosis is not metabolic. Therefore, this choice is incorrect.
Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.
Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today
Report Wrong Answer on the Current Question
Do you disagree with the answer? If yes, what is your expected answer? Explain.
Kindly be descriptive with the issue you are facing.