A woman presents to the emergency department complaining of bleeding and cramping. The initial history is significant for a last menstrual period 6 weeks ago. On sterile speculum examination, the care provider finds that the cervix is closed. The anticipated plan of care for this woman would be based on a probable diagnosis of which type of spontaneous abortion?
Threatened
Inevitable
Missed
Incomplete
The Correct Answer is A
Based on the provided information, the probable diagnosis for the spontaneous abortion in this woman would be a threatened abortion, since the cervix is closed and there is no evidence of expulsion of fetal or placental tissue. A threatened abortion is defined as vaginal bleeding occurring before the 20th week of gestation, with a closed cervical os, and no expulsion of fetal or placental tissue.
The other types of spontaneous abortion are defined as follows:
B. Inevitable abortion: vaginal bleeding and cramping with an open cervical os, with or without expulsion of fetal or placental tissue
C. Missed abortion: fetal demise without expulsion of fetal tissue, and may be associated with a closed cervical os and absence of uterine contractions
D. Incomplete abortion: partial expulsion of fetal or placental tissue, with or without vaginal bleeding, and may be associated with an open cervical os and uterine contractions

Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
The signs described are consistent with Meconium Aspiration Syndrome (MAS). Meconium aspiration occurs when the fetus has a bowel movement before or during delivery and inhales meconium-stained amniotic fluid into the lungs. This can lead to airway obstruction, chemical pneumonia, and respiratory distress, which may progress to respiratory failure, persistent pulmonary hypertension, and death. The presence of coarse breath sounds, acidosis, and the honeycomb appearance on X-ray are all signs of MAS.

Correct Answer is D
Explanation
It is recommended for all diabetic women of childbearing age. (This statement is not entirely accurate as preconception care is recommended specifically for women with diabetes who are considering pregnancy, not all women of childbearing age.)
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