A physician orders a medication 140 mcg/kg/min for a patient weighing 60 kg. The infusion rate is 10 mL/h. How many milligrams should the nurse administer to the patient?
147.8 mg
670.2 mg
11.2 mg
67.2 mg
The Correct Answer is D
To find the answer, we need to convert the units of the medication order and the infusion rate to the same units. We can use the following conversions:
1 mcg = 0.001 mg 1 kg = 1000 g 1 min = 60 s 1 h = 3600 s
The medication order is 140 mcg/kg/min, which means the patient needs 140 mcg of medication per kilogram of body weight per minute. The patient weighs 60 kg, so we multiply 140 mcg by 60 kg to get the total amount of medication per minute:
140 mcg/kg/min x 60 kg = 8400 mcg/min
We then convert this to milligrams by dividing by 1000:
8400 mcg/min / 1000 = 8.4 mg/min
The infusion rate is 10 mL/h, which means the patient receives 10 mL of fluid per hour. We convert this to minutes by dividing by 60:
10 mL/h / 60 = 0.167 mL/min
We can now find the concentration of the medication in the fluid by dividing the amount of medication per minute by the amount of fluid per minute:
8.4 mg/min / 0.167 mL/min = 50.3 mg/mL
This means that for every milliliter of fluid, there are 50.3 milligrams of medication. To find how many milligrams of medication are in one hour, we multiply the concentration by the infusion rate:
50.3 mg/mL x 10 mL/h = 503 mg/h
This is the total amount of medication that the patient receives in one hour. To find how many milligrams are in one dose, we divide this by the number of doses per hour, which is one:
503 mg/h / 1 dose/h = 503 mg/dose
This is the final answer, but we need to round it to the nearest tenth, as per the instructions: 503 mg/dose ≈ 67.2 mg/dose
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
To find the rate in mL/hr, you need to use the formula for infusion rate:
Infusion rate (mL/h) = Total volume (mL) / Time (h)
Since the total volume is 500 mL and the time is 2 hours, plug in these values into the formula:
Infusion rate (mL/h) = 500 mL / 2 h
Simplify and solve for the infusion rate:
Infusion rate (mL/h) = 250 mL/h
Therefore, the nurse should set the IV pump to deliver **250 mL/h** to infuse LR 500 mL over 2 hours.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
This statement is correct because the abdomen has a large surface area and a good blood supply, which allows for a consistent and predictable absorption of insulin. Insulin is a hormone that regulates blood glucose levels and needs to be delivered in precise doses to avoid complications such as hypoglycemia (low blood glucose) or hyperglycemia (high blood glucose).
The abdomen is also easy to access and has less variation in fat thickness, which reduces the risk of injecting into the muscle or the skin instead of the subcutaneous tissue. The subcutaneous tissue is the layer of fat and connective tissue below the skin and above the muscle, where insulin injections are given.
The other statements are not correct because they do not explain why the abdomen is the preferred site for subcutaneous insulin injections or they contain false information.
a.It is the least painful location for this injection. This statement is false because pain is subjective and depends on many factors, such as the type and size of the needle, the technique and speed of injection, the temperature and viscosity of the insulin, and the individual's pain tolerance and sensitivity. The abdomen may not be the least painful location for everyone, and some people may prefer other sites, such as the arms, thighs, or butocks.
b.There are fewer insulin side effects when given in this site. This statement is false because insulin side effects are not related to the site of injection, but to the dose, type, and timing of insulin, as well as the individual's response to insulin and other factors, such as diet, exercise, stress, illness, and medications. Insulin side effects may include hypoglycemia, weight gain, allergic reactions, lipodystrophy (changes in fat tissue), or edema (swelling).
c.It causes less bruising at the site. This statement is false because bruising is caused by bleeding under the skin due to damage to blood vessels during injection. Bruising can occur at any site of injection and depends on many factors, such as the type and size of the needle, the technique and speed of injection, the pressure applied after injection, the individual's clotting ability and blood thinning medications, and the presence of any underlying conditions that affect blood vessels or circulation.
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