A patient with heart failure is prescribed sotalol for atrial fibrillation. Which of the following should the nurse recognize as a potential concern?

Increases the force of the heart's contractions (Positive Inotropic Effect)

Hypertension

Decreases the force of the heart's contractions (Negative Inotropic Effect)

Hypercholesterolemia

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

(A) Positive Inotropic Effect: Sotalol does not increase contractility; it weakens contractions, making it a negative inotrope.

(B) Hypertension: Sotalol primarily lowers blood pressure and heart rate, which can actually cause hypotension.

(C) Negative Inotropic Effect: Sotalol is a beta-blocker that decreases myocardial contractility, which can further reduce cardiac output in heart failure patients.

(D) Hypercholesterolemia: Sotalol does not significantly impact cholesterol levels.

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"A"},"B":{"answers":"A"},"C":{"answers":"B"},"D":{"answers":"A"},"E":{"answers":"B"},"F":{"answers":"C"},"G":{"answers":"C"}}

Explanation

Prerenal

Intrarenal

Postrenal

Severe Dehydration

Sepsis

CHF (Congestive Heart Failure)

Acute Tubular Necrosis (ATN)

Gentamicin (Aminoglycoside antibiotic toxicity)

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)

Renal Calculi (Kidney Stones)

Severe Dehydration: Prerenal

Decreased blood flow to the kidneys due to low volume.

Sepsis: Prerenal

Hypotension from systemic infection reduces kidney perfusion.

CHF (Congestive Heart Failure): Prerenal

Reduced cardiac output leads to inadequate renal perfusion.

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH): Postrenal

Urinary outflow obstruction causes back pressure on the kidneys

Renal Calculi (Kidney Stones): Postrenal

Blockage in the urinary tract prevents urine excretion, leading to kidney damage.

Acute Tubular Necrosis (ATN): Intrarenal

Direct injury to kidney tubules due to ischemia or toxins.

Gentamicin (Aminoglycoside antibiotic toxicity): Intrarenal

Causes nephrotoxicity, damaging renal tubules directly.

A. Mitochondrial B. X-linked dominant C. Autosomal recessive D. Autosomal dominant

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

(A) Mitochondrial: CF is not maternally inherited through mitochondrial DNA.

(B) X-linked Dominant: CF does not involve the X chromosome.

(C) Autosomal Recessive: Cystic fibrosis (CF) occurs when an individual inherits two mutated copies of the CFTR gene (one from each parent). Both parents must be carriers for a child to develop the disease.

(D) Autosomal Dominant: CF requires two copies of the mutated gene, unlike dominant disorders that require only one.

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A patient with heart failure is prescribed sotalol for atrial fibrillation. Which of the following should the nurse recognize as a potential concern?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Categorize the following causes of acute kidney injury (AKI) as prerenal, intrarenal, or postrenal:

Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"A"},"B":{"answers":"A"},"C":{"answers":"B"},"D":{"answers":"A"},"E":{"answers":"B"},"F":{"answers":"C"},"G":{"answers":"C"}}

Explanation

What pattern of inheritance applies to Cystic Fibrosis?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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