A patient with a history of migraines comes into the clinic reporting “tingling of the face and blind spots in the eyes.”. Which of the following phases of a migraine is the patient experiencing?

Aura

Postdrome

Prodrome

Headache

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A rationale
The aura phase is characterized by sensory, motor, or visual disturbances that occur before the headache phase of a migraine. Symptoms such as tingling of the face and blind spots in the eyes are common during this phase.

Choice B rationale
The postdrome phase, also known as the “migraine hangover,” occurs after the headache phase. It does not typically include symptoms such as tingling of the face or blind spots in the eyes.
Choice C rationale
The prodrome phase, also known as the pre-headache phase, can occur hours to days before the headache phase. It can include symptoms such as mood changes, food cravings, and neck stiffness, but not typically tingling of the face or blind spots in the eyes.
Choice D rationale
The headache phase is the period during a migraine when the actual headache occurs. It is not typically associated with symptoms such as tingling of the face or blind spots in the eyes.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Regulation of the amount of carbon dioxide exhaled can affect cerebral blood flow, but it does not directly maintain cerebral perfusion pressure constant.
Choice B rationale
Catecholamines circulating throughout the body can affect blood pressure and heart rate, but they do not directly maintain cerebral perfusion pressure constant.

Choice C rationale
How much blood is pumped from the heart, also known as cardiac output, can affect cerebral perfusion pressure. However, it does not directly maintain cerebral perfusion pressure constant.
Choice D rationale
Regulation of constriction and dilation of blood vessels in the brain, also known as cerebral autoregulation, is a key mechanism that maintains cerebral perfusion pressure constant. When pressure autoregulation is impaired, cerebral blood flow becomes dependent on cerebral perfusion pressure.

A. Nicardipine B. Dopamine C. Mannitol D. Phenytoin .

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Nicardipine is a calcium channel blocker used to treat high blood pressure. While it can be used in the management of subarachnoid hemorrhage, it is not primarily used to decrease intracranial pressure.
Choice B rationale

Dopamine is a type of medication used to treat certain conditions such as low blood pressure, heart failure, and Parkinson’s disease. It is not typically used to decrease intracranial pressure in the context of a subarachnoid hemorrhage.
Choice C rationale
Mannitol is a type of medication that is used to decrease intracranial pressure. It works by drawing fluid out of the brain to help reduce swelling.
Choice D rationale
Phenytoin is a medication used to control seizures. While it can be used in the management of subarachnoid hemorrhage, it is not primarily used to decrease intracranial pressure. Migraine Explore

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A patient with a history of migraines comes into the clinic reporting “tingling of the face and blind spots in the eyes.”. Which of the following phases of a migraine is the patient experiencing?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who has sustained a neurologic injury with increased intracranial pressure and decreased cerebral perfusion. Which of the following will maintain cerebral perfusion pressure constant?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is admitting a patient with a subarachnoid hemorrhage and expects to administer which of the following medications to decrease intracranial pressure (ICP)?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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