A patient who has just been prescribed an incretin enhancer, asks the nurse how it works. The nurse informs the patient that these types of medications:

Increase insulin production by the pancreas

Increase insulin secretion from the pancreas

Decrease the amount of glucagon produced by the pancreas

Decrease the uptake of glucose by the body's cells

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Increase insulin production by the pancreas: This is incorrect because incretin enhancers don't increase the production of insulin itself but rather enhance the secretion of insulin in response to meals.
B. Increase insulin secretion from the pancreas: This is correct. Incretin enhancers (e.g., DPP-4 inhibitors or GLP-1 receptor agonists) work by amplifying the effect of incretins, which are hormones that increase insulin secretion in response to meals.
C. Decrease the amount of glucagon produced by the pancreas: This is partly true but not the primary mechanism. Incretins do reduce glucagon release, which helps lower blood glucose, but the main action is to increase insulin secretion.
D. Decrease the uptake of glucose by the body's cells: This is incorrect. Incretin enhancers do not work by decreasing glucose uptake by cells; rather, they enhance insulin secretion which in turn helps cells to uptake glucose.

Nursing Test Bank

Quiz #1: RN Exams Pharmacology Exams Quiz #2: RN Exams Medical-Surgical Exams Quiz #3: RN Exams Fundamentals Exams Quiz #4: RN Exams Maternal-Newborn Exams Quiz #5: RN Exams Anatomy and Physiology Exams Quiz #6: RN Exams Obstetrics and Pediatrics Exams Quiz #7: RN Exams Fluid and Electrolytes Exams Quiz #8: RN Exams Community Health Exams Quiz #9: RN Exams Promoting Health across the lifespan Exams Quiz #10: RN Exams Multidimensional care Exams

Get 100+ Naxlex Exit Exams for $79 Try Naxlex NCLEX-RN (14 Day Free-Trial)

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Quiz #1: Naxlex RN Comprehensive online practice 2019 B with NGN Quiz #2: Naxlex RN Comprehensive Predictor 2023 Quiz #3: Naxlex RN Comprehensive Predictor 2023 Exit Exam A Quiz #4: Naxlex HESI Exit LPN Exam Quiz #5: Naxlex PN Comprehensive Predictor PN 2020 Quiz #6: Naxlex VATI PN Comprehensive Predictor 2020 Quiz #8: Naxlex PN Comprehensive Predictor 2023 - Exam 1 Quiz #10: Naxlex HESI PN Exit exam Quiz #11: Naxlex HESI PN EXIT Exam 2

Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is ["Glucagon"]

Explanation

The Islets of Langerhans in the pancreas produce two main hormones: insulin and glucagon. Insulin helps regulate blood sugar by lowering it, while glucagon acts conversely to raise blood sugar levels.

A. The patient may choke B. It would cause blood glucose levels to rise too rapidly. C. Irritation of the oral mucosa may occur D. The effect of the medication may be changed

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. The patient may choke: This is not the primary concern for extended-release medications like metformin (Glucophage XL). While choking is a risk with any pill, it's not specific to the need for avoiding crushing or chewing extended-release formulations.
B. It would cause blood glucose levels to rise too rapidly: Crushing or chewing the medication would not cause blood glucose levels to rise rapidly. Instead, it could lead to a more rapid release and absorption of the drug, which might lower blood glucose too quickly, potentially leading to hypoglycemia.
C. Irritation of the oral mucosa may occur: While irritation of the oral mucosa could be a concern with some medications, it is not the primary reason for avoiding the crushing or chewing of extended-release formulations like Glucophage XL.
D. The effect of the medication may be changed: Crushing or chewing an extended-release tablet disrupts its formulation. Glucophage XL is designed to release metformin slowly over time. If the tablet is crushed or chewed, it can result in the entire dose being released at once, which can alter the intended pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the drug. This could lead to a higher risk of side effects and a loss of the extended-release benefit, ultimately changing the medication's effect and possibly leading to issues like hypoglycemia or gastrointestinal side effects.

View Question and Answer

Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.

Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today

A patient who has just been prescribed an incretin enhancer, asks the nurse how it works. The nurse informs the patient that these types of medications:

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which hormone released by the Islets of Langerhans, acts to increase blood glucose?

Correct Answer is ["Glucagon"]

Explanation

Why must the nurse instruct a patient receiving metformin (Glucophage XL) to avoid crushing or chewing the medication?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A patient who has just been prescribed an incretin enhancer, asks the nurse how it works. The nurse informs the patient that these types of medications:

Before administering cefazolin (Ancef), the nurse checks for a previous allergic reaction to:

Which of the following orders would the LPN question in a patient with Type I diabetes?

A nurse is preparing to administer dexamethasone 3 mg PO. Available is dexamethasone 1.5 mg tablets. How many tablets should the nurse administer? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)

The nurse is caring for a client with a diagnosis of urinary tract infection. The physician has ordered an antibiotic. What is the priority prior to administering this medication?

The nurse is admitting a patient to the acute care floor. While obtaining the history, the client tells the nurse she is allergic to penicillin. Which of the following medications, if ordered by the physician, would be safe for this client?

A nurse is preparing to administer haloperidol 5 mg IM to a client. Available is haloperidol 50 mg/mL. How many ml. should the nurse administer per dose? (Round the answer to the nearest tenth/whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)

The nurse is discharging a client to home with a prescription for clarithromycin (Biaxin). The nurse knows that teaching has been effective when the client states: