A patient reports severe flank pain. The urinalysis reveals the presence of calcium phosphate crystals. The nurse will anticipate an order for which diagnostic test?

Intravenous pyelogram

Cystoscopy

Mid-stream urinalysis

Bladder scan

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Intravenous pyelogram: IVP is a specialized X-ray with contrast dye that visualizes the kidneys, ureters, and bladder, helping detect kidney stones, obstructions, or abnormalities. Calcium phosphate crystals suggest nephrolithiasis (kidney stones).

B. Cystoscopy examines the bladder and urethra, but it does not visualize the kidneys or ureters, where stones typically originate.

C. Mid-stream urinalysis alone does not confirm kidney stones, though it may show hematuria, infection, or crystal types.

D. Bladder scan assesses urinary retention or post-void residual volume, not kidney stones.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. "I can prepare refried beans for supper." Refried beans are high in fiber and would not be appropriate for a low-fiber diet.

B. "I should choose white rice as a side dish." White rice is low in fiber and easily digestible, making it a good choice for a low-fiber diet.

C. "A fresh pear would be a good snack option." Fresh pears contain high amounts of fiber, particularly in the skin, making them unsuitable for a low-fiber diet.

D. "Bran cereal would be a good breakfast choice." Bran cereal is very high in fiber and would not be appropriate for a low-fiber diet.

A. Urinary tract infection B. Urinary retention C. Urinary incontinence D. Urinary frequency

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Urinary tract infection: Cloudy, foul-smelling urine and dark amber color are classic signs of UTI due to the presence of bacteria, white blood cells, and inflammatory byproducts.

B. Urinary retention: Urinary retention involves difficulty emptying the bladder but does not typically cause cloudy or foul-smelling urine unless complicated by a UTI.

C. Urinary incontinence: Urinary incontinence refers to involuntary loss of urine but does not specifically cause changes in urine appearance.

D. Urinary frequency: Frequent urination may be a symptom of a UTI, but frequency alone does not cause urine to be dark, cloudy, or foul-smelling.

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A patient reports severe flank pain. The urinalysis reveals the presence of calcium phosphate crystals. The nurse will anticipate an order for which diagnostic test?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is teaching a client about which foods she should include in her low-fiber diet. Which of the following statements indicates the client understands the teaching?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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