A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving heparin 3,800 units subcutaneously daily. Available is heparin 5,000 units/mL. How many mL should the nurse administer? Round to thenearesttenth

A. Pleurisy:

Pleurisy is inflammation of the pleura, which is the lining surrounding the lungs. It can cause sharp chest pain that worsens with breathing. While pleurisy can be associated with conditions such as infections, pneumonia, or pulmonary embolism, it is not typically directly diagnosed or investigated using the brain (B-type) natriuretic peptide (BNP) test. The symptoms of pleurisy may include chest pain, especially with deep breathing, coughing, or sneezing.

B. Cardiomyopathy:

Cardiomyopathy refers to diseases of the heart muscle, which can lead to impaired heart function. Cardiomyopathy can cause symptoms such as fatigue, shortness of breath, chest pain, and fluid retention. While elevated BNP levels can be observed in some cases of cardiomyopathy, the BNP test is not specific to cardiomyopathy alone. It is often used to assess and diagnose heart failure, a condition that can result from various cardiac abnormalities, including cardiomyopathy.

C. Valve Dysfunction:

Valve dysfunction refers to abnormalities or malfunctions of the heart valves, such as stenosis (narrowing) or regurgitation (leakage). Valve dysfunction can lead to symptoms such as shortness of breath, chest pain, palpitations, and fatigue. While valve dysfunction can contribute to heart failure by causing pressure and volume overload on the heart chambers, the BNP test is primarily used to assess heart failure itself rather than specifically identifying valve dysfunction.

D. Heart Failure:

Heart failure is a condition in which the heart is unable to pump blood effectively to meet the body's needs. It can cause symptoms such as fatigue, shortness of breath, fluid retention (edema), and exercise intolerance. Elevated BNP levels are commonly observed in patients with heart failure, especially in cases of acute exacerbations or decompensated heart failure. The BNP test is used to assess and diagnose heart failure, as higher BNP levels indicate increased cardiac stress and volume overload.

A. Confirm that the room number matches the medical record.Room numbers should never be used as a sole method to identify a client. Room assignments can change, and relying on them could lead to errors.

B. Compare the client identification number to the blood component tag number.Matching the client identification number to the blood component tag ensures the blood is being administered to the correct client. This is a key step in preventing transfusion errors.

C. Verify the provider's prescription with another RN.While this is an important step in the blood administration process, it is not specifically related to identifying the client.

D. Ask the client to verbalize if the blood type is Rh-negative or positive.Clients may not know their blood type, and relying on their verbal confirmation is unsafe. The blood type must be confirmed through laboratory testing and matched with the blood being administered.

E. Scan the barcode on the client's identification band.Scanning the barcode on the client’s identification band is a reliable and commonly used method for verifying the client’s identity in modern healthcare settings. This ensures that the blood is administered to the correct client.