A patient presents to the emergency department with a high fever, chills, chest pain worsened by deep breathing, and a cough producing rusty-colored sputum. Which of the following diagnostic tests is most likely to confirm the nurse's suspicion of pneumonia?

Pulmonary Function Test (PFT)

Electrocardiogram (ECG)

Complete Blood Count (CBC)

Chest X-ray

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Pulmonary Function Test (PFT). PFTs assess lung function but do not provide diagnostic information for infections like pneumonia.

B. Electrocardiogram (ECG). An ECG assesses heart function and would not help in diagnosing a respiratory infection like pneumonia.

C. Complete Blood Count (CBC). A CBC may indicate infection through elevated white blood cells, but it does not confirm pneumonia or identify its location in the lungs.

D. Chest X-ray. A chest X-ray is the most useful diagnostic tool to confirm pneumonia. It can reveal infiltrates or consolidation in the lungs, which are characteristic of pneumonia.

Nursing Test Bank

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Consume small frequent meals throughout the day. Small, frequent meals reduce the volume of food entering the small intestine at one time, helping to prevent symptoms of dumping syndrome.

B. Lie down immediately after eating to aid digestion. Although lying down after eating can slow gastric emptying and help prevent dumping syndrome, it does not aid in digestion.

C. Include high-carbohydrate foods in every meal. High-carbohydrate foods are likely to worsen symptoms of dumping syndrome by causing rapid glucose absorption, which leads to a spike in insulin and subsequent hypoglycemia.

D. Drink fluids with meals to aid in digestion. Fluids should be taken between meals rather than with meals to avoid rapid gastric emptying and prevent dumping syndrome.

A. Pain in the neck when the patient flexes their head towards the chest B. Involuntary flexion of the hips and knees when the neck is flexed C. Photophobia and headache triggered by bright light D. Pain and resistance when attempting to extend the patient's leg from a flexed position

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Pain in the neck when the patient flexes their head towards the chest. This describes nuchal rigidity, not Kernig sign.

B. Involuntary flexion of the hips and knees when the neck is flexed. This describes Brudzinski sign, not Kernig sign.

C. Photophobia and headache triggered by bright light. These are symptoms of meningitis, but they are not specific to Kernig sign.

D. Pain and resistance when attempting to extend the patient's leg from a flexed position. A positive Kernig sign is when there is pain and resistance to leg extension from a flexed hip and knee position, indicating meningeal irritation.

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A patient presents to the emergency department with a high fever, chills, chest pain worsened by deep breathing, and a cough producing rusty-colored sputum. Which of the following diagnostic tests is most likely to confirm the nurse's suspicion of pneumonia?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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