A patient presents to the emergency department (ED) complaining of nausea, vomiting, and the “worst headache he has ever experienced.”. While examining the patient, the nurse notes left leg and arm weakness.

The patient is immediately sent to the radiology department for a CT scan.

The registered nurse (RN) identifies the immediate need for treatment because:

A hemorrhagic brain attack is more common than an ischemic brain attack.

A thrombolytic drug will cause the peripheral and central reflexes to become hyper-reactive.

A hemorrhagic brain attack requires immediate intervention to prevent further damage.

An ischemic brain attack is less severe than a hemorrhagic brain attack.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A rationale
A hemorrhagic brain attack (stroke) is less common than an ischemic brain attack. Ischemic strokes account for the majority of strokes.
Choice B rationale
Thrombolytic drugs are used to treat ischemic strokes, not hemorrhagic strokes. They do not cause hyper-reactive reflexes.
Choice C rationale
A hemorrhagic brain attack requires immediate intervention to prevent further damage. Hemorrhagic strokes involve bleeding in the brain, which can rapidly worsen and cause severe damage.
Choice D rationale
An ischemic brain attack is not necessarily less severe than a hemorrhagic brain attack. Both types of strokes are serious, but hemorrhagic strokes often require more urgent intervention due to the risk of ongoing bleeding.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Cerebral edema is the swelling of the brain due to fluid accumulation, which can occur after excessive alcohol consumption. However, it is not related to myxedema, which is a condition associated with severe hypothyroidism.
Choice B rationale
The deposit of fatty tissue is associated with conditions like hyperaldosteronism, where there is an excess production of aldosterone. This condition does not cause the characteristic skin changes seen in myxedema.
Choice C rationale
Proliferation of tissue behind the eyes, known as exophthalmos, is common in hyperthyroidism, particularly in Graves’ disease. Myxedema, on the other hand, is related to severe hypothyroidism and involves different pathophysiological mechanisms.
Choice D rationale
Myxedema is characterized by the accumulation of mucopolysaccharides in the skin and other tissues, leading to swelling and thickening of the skin. This condition is a result of severe hypothyroidism and can lead to a myxedema crisis if left untreated.

A. Poor blood glucose control. B. Inadequate protein intake. C. Peripheral neuropathy. D. All of the above.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Poor blood glucose control is a significant factor in delayed wound healing in patients with diabetes. Hyperglycemia impairs various aspects of the immune response, reduces blood flow, and increases the risk of infection, all of which contribute to delayed healing.
Choice B rationale
Inadequate protein intake can also contribute to delayed wound healing. Protein is essential for the repair and regeneration of tissues, and a deficiency can impair the body’s ability to heal wounds effectively.
Choice C rationale
Peripheral neuropathy, a common complication of diabetes, can lead to decreased sensation in the feet, making it more likely for injuries to go unnoticed and untreated. This can result in chronic wounds and delayed healing.
Choice D rationale
All of the above factors—poor blood glucose control, inadequate protein intake, and peripheral neuropathy—can contribute to delayed healing of foot ulcers in patients with diabetes. Each of these factors plays a role in the complex process of wound healing and can hinder the body’s ability to repair itself.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A patient has been told that the recent changes in her facial features are due to a hormonal pathology called myxedema. Her nurse’s explanation will be based on understanding that myxedema is:

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A client with diabetes mellitus presents with a foot ulcer that is not healing. Which of the following factors could be contributing to the delayed healing?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A client with heart failure is experiencing shortness of breath and swelling in the lower extremities. Which of the following interventions should the nurse implement first?

A client with a long history of cirrhosis has anemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia. In the context of cirrhosis, these three conditions are most likely caused by:

A client with a history of hypertension is admitted with a severe headache and blurred vision. Which of the following findings would indicate a hypertensive crisis?

A nurse is caring for a client with acute pancreatitis. Which laboratory result would the nurse expect to find elevated?

Which pieces of information link up correctly?

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