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A registered nurse (RN) is providing strategies for “better breathing” to a patient with emphysema. Successful teaching of this topic would be identified when the patient states that he will:

Use the tripod position.

Practice pursed lip breathing method.

Stay current with yearly vaccinations.

Take an antihistamine every day.

Inhale slowly and deeply.

Sleep with 2 pillows to prop himself up.

Measure peak flow.

Take a leukotriene inhibitor every day.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,E,F

Choice A rationale
The tripod position helps to improve breathing by allowing the diaphragm to expand more effectively. This position reduces the work of breathing and helps to increase lung capacity, which is beneficial for patients with emphysema.
Choice B rationale
Pursed lip breathing is a technique that helps to keep the airways open longer, allowing more air to escape and reducing the work of breathing. This method helps to improve ventilation and oxygenation in patients with emphysema.
Choice C rationale
Staying current with yearly vaccinations is important for overall health, but it is not a specific strategy for better breathing in emphysema patients. Vaccinations help prevent respiratory infections, which can exacerbate emphysema symptoms.
Choice D rationale
Taking an antihistamine every day is not a recommended strategy for better breathing in emphysema patients. Antihistamines are typically used to treat allergies and may have side effects that could worsen breathing difficulties.
Choice E rationale
Inhaling slowly and deeply helps to maximize lung expansion and improve oxygenation. This technique can help to reduce shortness of breath and improve overall breathing efficiency in patients with emphysema.
Choice F rationale
Sleeping with 2 pillows to prop oneself up helps to reduce the work of breathing by preventing the diaphragm from being compressed. This position can help to improve breathing and reduce shortness of breath during sleep.
Choice G rationale
Measuring peak flow is a useful tool for monitoring lung function, but it is not a specific strategy for better breathing in emphysema patients. Peak flow measurements can help to track the progression of the disease and adjust treatment plans accordingly.
Choice H rationale
Taking a leukotriene inhibitor every day is not a recommended strategy for better breathing in emphysema patients. Leukotriene inhibitors are typically used to treat asthma and may not be effective for emphysema.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Hypersplenism is a condition often associated with cirrhosis, where the spleen becomes overactive. This leads to the destruction of blood cells, causing anemia (low red blood cells), leukopenia (low white blood cells), and thrombocytopenia (low platelets)1.
Choice B rationale
Peptic ulcer disease primarily affects the stomach and duodenum, leading to ulcers and bleeding. It does not typically cause anemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia in the context of cirrhosis.
Choice C rationale
Cholecystitis is the inflammation of the gallbladder, usually due to gallstones. It does not cause the blood cell abnormalities seen in cirrhosis.
Choice D rationale
Esophageal varices are swollen veins in the esophagus that develop due to portal hypertension in cirrhosis. While they can cause bleeding, they do not directly cause anemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia.

A. Administering antihypertensive medication as prescribed. B. Preparing the client for a lumbar puncture. C. Initiating seizure precautions. D. Monitoring the client’s blood glucose levels.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Administering antihypertensive medication as prescribed is the priority action for a client with a history of hypertension presenting with severe headache, blurred vision, and confusion.
These symptoms suggest a hypertensive crisis, which requires immediate blood pressure reduction to prevent further complications.
Choice B rationale
Preparing the client for a lumbar puncture is not the priority action in this scenario. While a lumbar puncture may be necessary to rule out other conditions, the immediate concern is to manage the hypertensive crisis.
Choice C rationale
Initiating seizure precautions is important if the client is at risk of seizures, but the priority action is to address the hypertensive crisis by administering antihypertensive medication.
Choice D rationale
Monitoring the client’s blood glucose levels is important for overall health management, but it is not the priority action in this scenario. The immediate concern is to manage the hypertensive crisis.

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A registered nurse (RN) is providing strategies for “better breathing” to a patient with emphysema. Successful teaching of this topic would be identified when the patient states that he will:

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client with a long history of cirrhosis has anemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia. In the context of cirrhosis, these three conditions are most likely caused by:

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is assessing a client with a history of hypertension who presents with a severe headache, blurred vision, and confusion. The nurse should prioritize which of the following actions?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse has identified a fluid volume deficit in the patient who has suffered prolonged vomiting and diarrhea. Which assessment data is most important in identifying that the patient may be developing prerenal acute kidney injury (AKI)?

A nurse is providing education to a client with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further teaching?

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