A patient is diagnosed with primary hypertension and asks the nurse what caused the condition.
Which response would the nurse give?
"There is no identified cause!”
"A decrease in plasma renin levels.”
"Too much plaque in the blood vessels.”
"Kidney disease is the most common cause.”
The Correct Answer is A
Choice B rationale:
A decrease in plasma renin levels is not a known cause of primary hypertension. Primary hypertension often has no identifiable cause, and it is a diagnosis of exclusion.
Choice C rationale:
Too much plaque in the blood vessels describes atherosclerosis, which is a risk factor for hypertension but not the direct cause of primary hypertension. Plaque buildup narrows arteries and increases resistance, contributing to elevated blood pressure.
Choice D rationale:
Kidney disease can cause secondary hypertension but is not the most common cause of primary hypertension. Primary hypertension, also known as essential hypertension, is the most common form, and its exact cause remains unknown in many cases.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
0.459% saline is a hypotonic solution with a lower concentration of salt than the normal physiological range (0.9% NaCl) Hypotonic solutions can cause red blood cells to swell and potentially burst due to the osmotic imbalance, making it inappropriate for hypovolemic shock.
Choice B rationale:
0.9% NaCl, also known as normal saline, is an isotonic solution with a salt concentration similar to the body's own fluids. Isotonic solutions are ideal for hypovolemic shock as they help to expand the intravascular volume without causing significant shifts of fluid and electrolytes within the body compartments.
Choice C rationale:
5% dextrose in 0.45% saline is a hypotonic solution with a low salt concentration. While it provides some fluid replacement, it doesn't address the electrolyte imbalance adequately, which is crucial in hypovolemic shock.
Choice D rationale:
Dextran is a plasma volume expander but is not the first-line choice for hypovolemic shock. It might be used in certain situations, but isotonic crystalloids like 0.9% NaCl are preferred for rapid volume expansion and stabilization of the patient.
Correct Answer is ["B","D"]
Explanation
Choice B rationale:
Conjunctival pallor is a common physical finding in patients with low hemoglobin levels (anemia), leading to paleness in mucous membranes such as the conjunctiva.
Choice C rationale:
Sternal tenderness is not a typical finding associated with low hemoglobin levels and is not directly related to anemia.
Choice D rationale:
A heart rate of 104 beats/min can be a compensatory response to anemia, as explained in .
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