A patient has been taking phenytoin (Dilantin) for 2 years. Which action should the nurse take when evaluating possible adverse effects of the medication?
Auscultate the bowel sounds.
Inspect the oral mucosa
Check pupil reaction to light.
Listen to the lung sounds.
The Correct Answer is B
A. Auscultate the bowel sounds: While gastrointestinal side effects such as nausea or
constipation can occur with phenytoin, auscultating bowel sounds is not a specific assessment related to its adverse effects.
B. Inspect the oral mucosa: Phenytoin is associated with gingival hyperplasia, a condition characterized by overgrowth of gum tissue. Therefore, inspecting the oral mucosa for signs of gum enlargement or other oral changes is important for evaluating adverse effects of phenytoin.
C. Check pupil reaction to light: Phenytoin does not typically affect pupil reaction to light. This assessment is more relevant for medications that act on the central nervous system or conditions affecting cranial nerve function.
D. Listen to the lung sounds: Phenytoin is not typically associated with respiratory side effects. Assessing lung sounds may be relevant in certain clinical situations, but it is not a specific assessment related to phenytoin adverse effects.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Auscultate the bowel sounds: While gastrointestinal side effects such as nausea or
constipation can occur with phenytoin, auscultating bowel sounds is not a specific assessment related to its adverse effects.
B. Inspect the oral mucosa: Phenytoin is associated with gingival hyperplasia, a condition characterized by overgrowth of gum tissue. Therefore, inspecting the oral mucosa for signs of gum enlargement or other oral changes is important for evaluating adverse effects of phenytoin.
C. Check pupil reaction to light: Phenytoin does not typically affect pupil reaction to light. This assessment is more relevant for medications that act on the central nervous system or conditions affecting cranial nerve function.
D. Listen to the lung sounds: Phenytoin is not typically associated with respiratory side effects. Assessing lung sounds may be relevant in certain clinical situations, but it is not a specific assessment related to phenytoin adverse effects.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Oral Levetiracetam: Oral medications are not appropriate for immediate seizure management during an active seizure. Intravenous medications are typically used for acute seizure management.
B. IV Lorazepam: Lorazepam is a benzodiazepine that is commonly used as a first-line medication for terminating acute seizures. It acts quickly to suppress seizure activity and is often administered intravenously during a seizure episode.
C. IV Ondansetron: Ondansetron is an antiemetic medication used to prevent nausea and vomiting and is not indicated for seizure management.
D. Magnesium Sulfate: Magnesium sulfate is not typically used for seizure management in the acute setting. It may be used for certain types of seizures or as a treatment for eclampsia, but it is not a first-line medication for acute seizure termination.
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