A patient has an as needed prescription for ondansetron. For which condition would the nurse administer this medication?

Diarrhea

Nausea and vomiting

Incisional pain

Paralytic ileus

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A.   Ondansetron is not indicated for treating diarrhea. While nausea can accompany diarrhea, ondansetron specifically targets nausea and vomiting rather than the underlying causes of diarrhea.
B.   Ondansetron is primarily used to prevent and treat nausea and vomiting, particularly those associated with chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and postoperative recovery. If a patient is experiencing nausea and vomiting, ondansetron would be the appropriate medication to administer.
C.   Ondansetron is not indicated for managing pain. Incisional pain is typically treated with analgesics, not antiemetics. While postoperative patients may experience nausea, ondansetron would not be used solely for pain relief.
D.   Paralytic ileus is a condition characterized by the lack of movement in the intestines, leading to a blockage. While nausea and vomiting can occur in this condition, ondansetron is not a treatment for the underlying issue of ileus. The focus would be on managing the ileus and any complications that arise.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is not directly linked to an increased risk of esophageal cancer. While it can cause infections in the esophagus, especially in immunocompromised individuals, it is not recognized as a significant risk factor for esophageal cancer itself.
B. While some individuals may experience discomfort from spicy foods, there is no substantial evidence linking the consumption of spicy foods directly to the development of esophageal cancer. Dietary factors are more complex, and spicy foods are not typically identified as a primary risk factor.
C. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a significant risk factor for esophageal cancer, particularly adenocarcinoma. Chronic reflux can lead to changes in the esophageal lining (Barrett's esophagus), which is a precancerous condition. Therefore, this is a well-established risk factor.
D. The use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is not considered a direct risk factor for esophageal cancer. In some contexts, NSAIDs may even have a protective effect against certain types of cancer due to their anti-inflammatory properties. However, chronic use can lead to gastrointestinal complications, including ulcers, but does not have a clear link to the development of esophageal cancer.

A. Glucagon prolongs the effect of insulin, allowing fewer injections. B. Glucagon treats lipoatrophy from insulin injections. C. Glucagon enhances the effect of insulin in case the blood sugar remains high one hour after injection. D. Glucagon treats hypoglycemia resulting from insulin overdose.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Glucagon actually counteracts the effects of insulin by raising blood sugar levels.
B. Lipoatrophy is a condition where fat tissue breaks down at injection sites. Glucagon does not treat this condition.
C. This is also incorrect. Glucagon has the opposite effect of insulin, lowering blood sugar levels.
D. Glucagon is a hormone that stimulates the liver to release glucose into the bloodstream, making it effective in treating severe hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) that can occur due to an insulin overdose.

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A patient has an as needed prescription for ondansetron. For which condition would the nurse administer this medication?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is assessing a patient prior to surgery for esophageal cancer. Which of the following would be considered a risk factor for the development of this disease?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A newly diagnosed 8-year-old child with type I diabetes mellitus and his mother are receiving diabetes education prior to discharge. The physician has prescribed Glucagon for emergency use. The mother asks the purpose of this medication. Which of the following statements by the nurse is correct?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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