A patient is diagnosed with acute pharyngitis. Which clinical manifestation would the nurse expect to see in this client?

A red throat and fever.

Pain over the sinus area and purulent nasal drainage.

Foul smelling breath and noisy respirations.

Weak cough and high-pitched noise on respiration.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A.   This is a classic manifestation of acute pharyngitis, which is often caused by viral or bacterial infections. A red or inflamed throat (erythema) and fever are common symptoms due to the inflammatory response to infection. This choice aligns well with the expected findings in a patient with acute pharyngitis.
B.   This description is more indicative of sinusitis rather than acute pharyngitis. While a person with acute pharyngitis may have some upper respiratory symptoms, significant sinus pain and purulent nasal discharge are not typical manifestations of pharyngitis itself.
C.   Foul-smelling breath (halitosis) can occur in cases of certain infections, but it’s more characteristic of conditions such as tonsillitis or abscesses in the throat rather than typical acute pharyngitis. Noisy respirations may suggest airway obstruction or other complications that are not primary symptoms of pharyngitis.
D.   A weak cough and high-pitched noise (stridor) during respiration are more indicative of upper airway obstruction or croup rather than acute pharyngitis. These symptoms suggest a more severe respiratory condition that involves airway narrowing.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is a common condition in older adults but is not a specific indicator of pneumonia. While blood pressure can fluctuate with illness, it does not directly relate to the diagnosis of pneumonia.
B. Acute confusion is a critical and relevant sign in older adults with pneumonia. This demographic may experience altered mental status due to factors like hypoxia (low oxygen levels), fever, or dehydration. Confusion is often one of the first signs of infection in older patients, making it a significant assessment finding.
C. Hematemesis, which is the vomiting of blood, is not associated with pneumonia. It typically indicates a gastrointestinal issue, such as bleeding from ulcers or varices, rather than respiratory problems. Therefore, this finding would not be relevant to a pneumonia diagnosis.
D. While a cough is indeed a symptom of pneumonia, a dry hacking cough is less typical. Pneumonia generally presents with a productive cough (producing sputum) rather than a dry cough. A dry cough might suggest conditions like bronchitis or asthma.

A. Breathe in deeply over 2 to 3 seconds while pushing down on the canister. B. Wait 60 seconds between each puff. C. Place her lips firmly around the mouthpiece. D. Exhale slowly through pursed lips. E. Inhale deeply and then exhale completely. F. Hold her breath for 10 seconds.

Correct Answer is F,D,A,B,E,C

Explanation

F. Inhale deeply and then exhale completely: This ensures that the airways are clear before inhaling the medication.
D. Place her lips firmly around the mouthpiece: A tight seal around the mouthpiece is important to prevent the medication from escaping and to ensure that it reaches the lungs.
A. Breathe in deeply over 2 to 3 seconds while pushing down on the canister: This action releases the medication into the lungs. It's important to inhale slowly and deeply to maximize the delivery of the medication.
G. Hold her breath for 10 seconds: Holding the breath allows the medication to settle into the lungs, increasing its effectiveness.
E. Exhale slowly through pursed lips: Exhaling slowly helps to prevent the medication from being exhaled too quickly and reduces the risk of irritation to the airways.
C. Wait 60 seconds between each puff: If more than one puff is prescribed, waiting 60 seconds between puffs allows the medication from the first puff to settle into the lungs before inhaling the second puff.

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A patient is diagnosed with acute pharyngitis. Which clinical manifestation would the nurse expect to see in this client?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

What nursing assessment finding would be associated with a diagnosis of pneumonia in the older adult?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is teaching a client who has asthma how to use a metered-dose inhaler (MDI). The nurse identifies the sequence of steps the client should follow. (Move the steps, placing them in the selected order of performance. Use all steps.)

Correct Answer is F,D,A,B,E,C

Explanation

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