A patient complains of worsening nasal congestion despite the use of oxymetazoline (Afrin) nasal spray every 2 to 4 hours for the past 5 days. The nurse's response is based on the knowledge that
Oxymetazoline should be administered in an hourly regimen for severe congestion.
Oxymetazoline is not an effective nasal decongestant
Sustained use of nasal decongestants over several days may result in rebound congestion
The patient is probably displaying an idiosyncratic reaction to oxymetazoline
The Correct Answer is C
Rebound congestion, also known as rhinitis medicamentosa, is a common adverse effect associated with the prolonged use of nasal decongestants. It occurs when the blood vessels in the nasal passages become dependent on the medication for constriction and lose their ability to regulate naturally. As a result, when the medication wears off, the nasal congestion worsens, leading to a cycle of continued use and worsening symptoms.
In this scenario, the patient's complaint of worsening nasal congestion despite using oxymetazoline every 2 to 4 hours for the past 5 days suggests the possibility of rebound congestion. The nurse should explain to the patient that prolonged or frequent use of nasal decongestants can lead to this effect and recommend gradually tapering off the medication use or discontinuing it altogether. The nurse may also suggest alternative non-medication strategies for managing nasal congestion, such as saline nasal sprays or steam inhalation.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Pseudoephedrine is a sympathomimetic medication that acts as a decongestant by constricting blood vessels in the nasal passages, which helps to relieve sinus congestion. However, it can also cause vasoconstriction in other parts of the body, leading to an increase in blood pressure. Therefore, it is contraindicated for individuals with hypertension (high blood pressure).
The other conditions mentioned, migraines, eczema, and diverticulitis, are not contraindications for the use of pseudoephedrine. However, it is important for individuals with these conditions to consult their healthcare provider before taking pseudoephedrine, as it may interact with other medications or exacerbate certain symptoms.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Montelukast is a leukotriene receptor antagonist commonly used to manage asthma and allergic rhinitis. Its primary therapeutic effect is to improve respiratory symptoms by reducing inflammation and constriction of the airways. Therefore, an increased ease of breathing would be an expected outcome indicating that the medication is working effectively.
The other options are incorrect because:
A. The client's seizure threshold is reduced: Montelukast does not have any effect on the seizure threshold. This outcome is unrelated to the medication and may be indicative of a different condition or treatment.
B. The client experiences less muscle pain: Montelukast is not indicated for reducing muscle pain. This outcome is unrelated to the medication and may be indicative of a different condition or treatment.
D. The client's platelet count is increased: Montelukast does not have an effect on platelet count. This outcome is unrelated to the medication and may be indicative of a different condition or treatment.
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