A patient arrives at the emergency department with abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. A physical examination reveals acute pain at the McBurney point. A CT scan confirms the diagnosis, and surgery is immediately scheduled to prevent peritonitis. Based on this information, which diagnosis is described?
Inguinal hernia
Gastroenteritis
Cholelithiasis
Acute appendicitis
The Correct Answer is D
Acute appendicitis is an inflammation of the appendix, a small pouch attached to the large intestine that has no known function. It can cause abdominal pain that usually starts around the navel and then shifts to the lower right quadrant, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, fever, and constipation or diarrhea. The McBurney point is a spot located about two-thirds of the way from the navel to the right hip bone that is tender when pressed in patients with appendicitis. A CT scan can show signs of inflammation and enlargement of the appendix and rule out other causes of abdominal pain. Surgery (appendectomy) is the standard treatment for appendicitis to remove the inflamed appendix and prevent complications such as peritonitis (infection of the lining of the abdominal cavity) or abscess (collection of pus) formation.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Lymphedema is a chronic condition that occurs when the lymphatic system is impaired and cannot drain excess fluid from the tissues, resulting in swelling and discomfort in one or more limbs or body parts. It can be caused by an obstruction in the lymphatic system due to surgery, radiation therapy, infection, injury, or congenital malformation.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Oliguria is a condition where the urine output is less than normal, usually less than 500 mL per day in adults. Oliguria can be a sign of dehydration, which occurs when the body loses more water than it takes in. Dehydration can cause various symptoms such as thirst, dry mouth, headache, dizziness, fatigue, and confusion.
Dehydration can also affect kidney function and lead to electrolyte imbalances and acid-base disorders.
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