A nursing student preparing for his first clinical rotation must receive a hepatitis B vaccination series prior to attending clinicals. The nursing student understands that this is

tertiary prevention

primary prevention

secondary prevention

treatment for hepatitis B

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A.   Tertiary prevention focuses on managing the consequences of an existing disease or condition. The hepatitis B vaccination prevents the disease from occurring in the first place.
B.   Primary prevention aims to prevent the occurrence of a disease or condition. The hepatitis B vaccination is a classic example of primary prevention, as it protects individuals from contracting the virus.
C.   Secondary prevention involves early detection and treatment of a disease or condition. The hepatitis B vaccination is not intended for the early detection or treatment of an existing infection.
D.   The hepatitis B vaccination is not a treatment for hepatitis B. It is a preventative measure to protect individuals from contracting the virus.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. The client is resting comfortably, denies distress, and has an oxygen saturation of 89% on 2 liters of supplemental oxygen. This is within an acceptable range for many patients with COPD. Given the client's current status, it is appropriate to continue monitoring the oxygen saturation and assess for any changes in condition.
B. While the alarm may be annoying, it is important to keep it active to alert the nurse to any significant changes in the client's oxygen saturation.
C. A non-rebreather mask delivers a higher concentration of oxygen and is typically used in more critical situations. In this case, the client's oxygen saturation is within a safe range, and there is no need to increase the oxygen delivery method.
D. Increasing the oxygen to 4 liters per minute without a clear indication of need could lead to oxygen toxicity, especially in patients with COPD. It is important to titrate oxygen therapy to the lowest level that maintains adequate oxygen saturation.

A. Check the client's most recent potassium level B. Administer a bolus of 1,000 mL of normal saline C. Administer potassium chloride intravenously (IV) D. Administer sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate)

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Peaked T-waves and a widened QRS complex on an ECG are often signs of hyperkalemia, which is an elevated potassium level in the blood. This can be a serious complication of acute kidney injury (AKI), especially in the oliguric phase when the kidneys are unable to effectively excrete potassium.A
B. While fluid management is important in AKI, administering a bolus of normal saline is not the first priority in the presence of suspected hyperkalemia. The primary concern is to address the electrolyte imbalance.

C. Administering potassium chloride would worsen hyperkalemia and should be avoided.
D. Kayexalate is a medication used to treat hyperkalemia by exchanging sodium ions for potassium ions in the gastrointestinal tract. However, checking the potassium level is the first step in confirming the diagnosis and determining the appropriate treatment.

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A nursing student preparing for his first clinical rotation must receive a hepatitis B vaccination series prior to attending clinicals. The nursing student understands that this is

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A client is in the oliguric phase of acute kidney injury (AKI) which was caused by massive tissue trauma. The nurse notes peaked T-waves and a widened QRS complex on the cardiac monitor. What is the first action the nurse should take?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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