A nursing student preparing for his first clinical rotation must receive a hepatitis B vaccination series prior to attending clinicals. The nursing student understands that this is

tertiary prevention

primary prevention

secondary prevention

treatment for hepatitis B

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A.   Tertiary prevention focuses on managing the consequences of an existing disease or condition. The hepatitis B vaccination prevents the disease from occurring in the first place.
B.   Primary prevention aims to prevent the occurrence of a disease or condition. The hepatitis B vaccination is a classic example of primary prevention, as it protects individuals from contracting the virus.
C.   Secondary prevention involves early detection and treatment of a disease or condition. The hepatitis B vaccination is not intended for the early detection or treatment of an existing infection.
D.   The hepatitis B vaccination is not a treatment for hepatitis B. It is a preventative measure to protect individuals from contracting the virus.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Amlodipine is a calcium channel blocker used to manage hypertension. It is not associated with an increased risk of osteoarthritis. While hypertension itself is a health concern, amlodipine does not directly contribute to the development of OA.
B. Prednisone is a corticosteroid that can lead to various side effects, including bone loss and osteoporosis with long-term use. Although osteoporosis and OA are different conditions, long-term use of corticosteroids can potentially increase the risk of joint issues and contribute to the development or exacerbation of OA due to the impact on joint cartilage and bone density.
C. Warfarin is an anticoagulant used to prevent blood clots in atrial fibrillation. It is not directly associated with an increased risk of osteoarthritis. The primary concerns with warfarin involve bleeding risks rather than joint health.
D. Being Caucasian and having multiple children do not directly contribute to an increased risk of osteoarthritis.

A. Thirty seconds after administration, the facial weakness and ptosis will be relieved for approximately 5 minutes. B. After administration, the client will experience worsening facial weakness and ptosis. C. After administration of the medication, there will be no change in the status of the ptosis or facial weakness. D. The client will have elimination of symptoms lasting at least 24 hours after the administration of the medication.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

This is the correct expected outcome if the test is positive for myasthenia gravis. Edrophonium works quickly to increase acetylcholine levels, leading to temporary improvement in muscle strength. In a patient with myasthenia gravis, administration of edrophonium typically results in a rapid improvement in symptoms like facial weakness and ptosis within 30 to 60 seconds, with the effects lasting for a few minutes. This brief improvement is indicative of a positive result for myasthenia gravis.
B.A Worsening symptoms after administration of edrophonium are not expected and could indicate an adverse reaction or incorrect diagnosis. In myasthenia gravis, edrophonium typically improves symptoms rather than worsening them.
C. No change in symptoms would be unexpected in the case of myasthenia gravis. If edrophonium is effective, there should be a noticeable improvement in symptoms. If there is no change, it might suggest a diagnosis other than myasthenia gravis or that the test is inconclusive.
D. This outcome is not expected. Edrophonium has a very short duration of action, typically relieving symptoms for only a few minutes. The effects do not last for 24 hours. A longer-lasting improvement might be observed with other treatments for myasthenia gravis, such as anticholinesterase medications like pyridostigmine, but not with edrophonium.

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A nursing student preparing for his first clinical rotation must receive a hepatitis B vaccination series prior to attending clinicals. The nursing student understands that this is

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which of the following clients is at a higher risk of developing osteoarthritis?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The nurse is assisting while a neurologist administers an edrophonium (Tensilon) test to a client with facial weakness and ptosis. If the test is positive for myasthenia gravis, which outcome would the nurse observe?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A client is admitted to the hospital during an exacerbation of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Which of the following nursing interventions are appropriate for a client experiencing an RA flare? (Select all that apply.)

A client with multiple complaints has been referred to a neurologist for further evaluation. Which of the following complaints are common manifestations of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis? (Select all that apply.)

A staff nurse is teaching a client who has secondary hypothyroidism about the disease process. The client asks the nurse what causes secondary hypothyroidism. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?

An older adult client is brought to an urgent care clinic by her paid in-home caregiver for a suspected UTI. The client has bruising to the left side of her face and appears fearful when her caregiver makes sudden movements. Which priority action should the nurse take first?

A nurse is assessing a client who has chronic kidney disease and notes that the client has small crystals on his forehead. The nurse understands that this manifestation is a result of an excess of which substance in the body?

A client diagnosed with acute glomerulonephritis has pitting edema in both feet, and has had 300 mL of urine output in the last 24 hours. The nurse should monitor this client for which complication associated with this finding?

A nurse in a pulmonology clinic is preparing a client for spirometry testing. Which question should the nurse ask the client during the preparation for this test?