A nurse provides education to a client recently diagnosed with macular degeneration. Which of the following statements made by the client requires reinforcement of education by the nurse?

"I will incorporate foods rich in vitamin C in my diet."

"I will receive injections into my eye."

"My vision will slowly be restored after I start using the eye drops."

"My vision will become progressively more blurry."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A Reason: This is correct because incorporating foods rich in vitamin C in the diet can help prevent or delay macular degeneration. Vitamin C is an antioxidant that can protect the cells of the macula, which is the central part of the retina that is responsible for sharp and detailed vision, from oxidative stress and damage. The nurse should also advise the client to consume foods rich in other antioxidants, such as vitamin E, zinc, lutein, and zeaxanthin.

Choice B Reason: This is correct because receiving injections into the eye can help treat macular degeneration. Injections are a form of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapy, which can block abnormal blood vessel growth and leakage in the macula that can cause vision loss. The nurse should explain to the client how often and how long they need to receive injections and what side effects or complications they may experience.

Choice C Reason: This is incorrect because vision will not be restored after using eye drops for macular degeneration. Eye drops are not a proven or effective treatment for macular degeneration, which is a chronic and progressive condition that causes irreversible vision loss. The nurse should reinforce education by informing the client that eye drops may only provide temporary relief of dryness or irritation, but they will not improve or restore vision.

Choice D Reason: This is correct because vision will become progressively more blurry with macular degeneration. Macular degeneration can cause blurred or distorted central vision, difficulty reading or recognizing faces, or dark spots in the visual field. The nurse should educate the client on how to cope with vision loss and use adaptive devices, such as magnifiers, large-print books, or voice-activated technology.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A Reason: This is incorrect because inability to recognize any words may indicate a problem with the auditory cortex, which is the part of the brain that processes sound, not the inner ear. The inner ear consists of the cochlea, which converts sound waves into nerve impulses, and the vestibular system, which helps with balance and orientation.

Choice B Reason: This is correct because loss of balance is a common symptom of an inner ear infection. An inner ear infection can cause inflammation and fluid buildup in the vestibular system, which can disrupt the sense of equilibrium and cause vertigo, dizziness, or nausea.

Choice C Reason: This is incorrect because twitching of the cheek may indicate a problem with the facial nerve, which controls the muscles of facial expression, not the inner ear. The facial nerve runs close to the inner ear, but it is not part of it.

Choice D Reason: This is incorrect because lack of air sound may indicate a problem with the outer or middle ear, which transmit sound waves to the inner ear, not the inner ear itself. The outer ear consists of the pinna and the ear canal, and the middle ear consists of the eardrum and the ossicles.

A. It is not necessary to remove contact lenses before administering medications B. Administer the medications by touching the tip of the dropper to the sclera of the eye C. Administer the medications 5 min apart D. Hold pressure on the conjunctival sac for 2 minutes following the application of eye drops

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: This is incorrect because it is necessary to remove contact lenses before administering medications. Contact lenses can absorb or interfere with the absorption of eye drops and cause irritation or infection. The nurse should instruct the client to remove contact lenses before applying eye drops and wait at least 15 minutes before reinserting them.
Choice B reason: This is incorrect because administering the medications by touching the tip of the dropper to the sclera of the eye can cause contamination or injury. The sclera is the white part of the eye that covers most of the eyeball. The nurse should instruct the client to avoid touching the tip of the dropper to any part of the eye or eyelid and hold it about 1 cm above the lower eyelid.
Choice C reason: This is correct because administering the medications 5 min apart can prevent dilution or washout of one medication by another. Timolol and pilocarpine are two different types of eye drops that are used to treat open-angle glaucoma, which is a condition that causes increased pressure inside the eye and damage to the optic nerve. Timolol is a beta-blocker that reduces the production of fluid in the eye, and pilocarpine is a cholinergic agent that increases the drainage of fluid from the eye. The nurse should instruct the client to apply one drop of each medication in the affected eye(s) and wait at least 5 minutes between each medication.
Choice D reason: This is incorrect because holding pressure on the conjunctival sac for 2 min following the application of eye drops can reduce systemic absorption and side effects of eye drops. The conjunctival sac is the space between the lower eyelid and the eyeball. The nurse should instruct the client to gently close their eyes after applying eye drops and press their index finger against the inner corner of their eye for 2 minutes. This can block the tear duct that drains fluid from the eye to the nose and prevent it from entering the bloodstream.

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A nurse provides education to a client recently diagnosed with macular degeneration. Which of the following statements made by the client requires reinforcement of education by the nurse?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse at an ophthalmology clinic is providing teaching to a client who has open-angle glaucoma and a new treatment regimen of timolol and pilocarpine eye drops. Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide?

Correct Answer is C

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