A nurse on a pediatric unit is caring for four children. The nurse should use droplet precautions for which of the following children?

A. A dietitian is essential for managing cystic fibrosis because CF often leads to malabsorption of nutrients and requires a high-calorie, high-fat diet to support growth and maintain weight. Children with CF may also need enzyme supplements to aid in digestion. However, this can be done after addressing the respiratory concerns.
B. Regular physical therapy is important for helping the child with respiratory exercises and techniques to clear mucus from the lungs, as well as improving overall physical conditioning and endurance. Physical therapy helps manage and prevent complications related to lung function, which is a key concern in CF.
C. A speech-language pathologist can be helpful in assessing and treating communication and swallowing disorders but they are not typically the primary focus in the management of cystic fibrosis unless the child has specific issues related to speech or swallowing that are not common in CF.
D. An occupational therapist helps children develop skills for daily living and fine motor skills. While this can be beneficial for children with various conditions, it is not usually a primary focus for a child with cystic fibrosis unless there are specific concerns related to fine motor skills or activities of daily living.

A. Infants with heart failure often experience increased respiratory effort when lying flat. Placing them in a recumbent position can worsen their condition by making it harder to breathe. An upright or semi- upright position is usually preferred to facilitate breathing and digestion.
B. Infants with heart failure often tire easily during feeding due to increased metabolic demands. Prolonged feedings can be exhausting and may lead to insufficient intake. Shorter, more frequent feedings are typically recommended.
C. Crying increases the infant's oxygen consumption and metabolic rate, which can be detrimental for an infant with heart failure. It is essential to prevent crying and distress before feeding.

D. Infants with heart failure often tire easily. A more frequent feeding schedule, such as every 3 hours, allows for smaller, more manageable feedings without overexerting the infant.