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A nurse observes a patient whose right eye is fixed and dilated, for which cranial nerve (CN) would the nurse suspect nerve compression?

A.

CNV

B.

CN VIII

C.

CN IV

D.

CN III

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A.    CN V (Trigeminal nerve) is responsible for sensation in the face and motor function for chewing, not eye movement or pupil constriction.
B.    CN VIII (Vestibulocochlear nerve) deals with hearing and balance, not eye function.
C.    CN IV (Trochlear nerve) controls eye movement, but it does not typically affect the pupil in this way.
D.    Cranial nerve III (Oculomotor nerve) controls most eye movements and pupil constriction. A fixed and dilated pupil typically indicates damage to CN III, which may be due to nerve compression, often from increased intracranial pressure or herniation.
 


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Orientation to person, place, and time is not expected in meningitis as the infection typically causes altered mental status.
B. Bradycardia is not a typical finding in meningitis. Increased intracranial pressure may lead to tachycardia, not bradycardia.
C. Blurred vision can occur with increased ICP or certain infections, but it is not a primary symptom of meningitis.
D. Severe headache is a hallmark symptom of meningitis, due to inflammation of the meninges, causing pain and increased intracranial pressure.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Avoid friction over scaly lesions while bathing is generally good advice, but it is not the primary focus in this situation.
B. Eliminate the use of products containing salicylic acid is not necessary unless the client has a known sensitivity or reaction to it, as salicylic acid is commonly used to treat psoriasis.
C. Maintain occlusive dressings on the lesions throughout the day and remove them at bedtime is not typically recommended for psoriasis, as it can exacerbate the condition or increase irritation. Topical treatments, if prescribed, should be used as directed.
D. Psoriasis is often exacerbated by stress. Therefore, teaching the client effective stress reduction techniques (e.g., meditation, deep breathing, yoga) can help in managing flare-ups.

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