A nurse observes a parent administer a prescribed oral medication to an infant. Which of the following statements indicates a need for further instruction?

Administers medication with an oral syringe.

Inserts the medication in the infant’s buccal cavity.

Allows the infant to swallow some of the medication before administering more.

Positions the infant in a supine position.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A reason:

Administering medication with an oral syringe is a recommended practice for giving liquid medication to infants. An oral syringe allows for accurate measurement and controlled delivery of the medication, reducing the risk of choking and ensuring the infant receives the correct dose. Therefore, this statement does not indicate a need for further instruction.

Choice B reason:

Inserting the medication in the infant’s buccal cavity (the space between the gums and the cheek) is also a recommended technique. This method helps to prevent the infant from spitting out the medication and ensures better absorption. Hence, this statement does not indicate a need for further instruction.

Choice C reason:

Allowing the infant to swallow some of the medication before administering more is a safe and effective way to give medication. This approach helps to prevent choking and ensures that the infant can handle the amount of medication being given. Therefore, this statement does not indicate a need for further instruction.

Choice D reason:

Positioning the infant in a supine position (lying flat on their back) is not recommended when administering oral medication. This position increases the risk of aspiration, where the medication could enter the airway instead of the esophagus. The correct position is to hold the infant in an upright or semi-upright position to ensure safe swallowing and reduce the risk of choking or aspiration. Therefore, this statement indicates a need for further instruction.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Reinforce discharge teaching to clients

While reinforcing discharge teaching is important, it is not the immediate priority during a disaster situation with limited staff. The focus should be on addressing urgent and life-threatening needs first. Discharge teaching can be addressed once the immediate crisis is managed and resources are more available.

Choice B reason: Instruct the assistive personnel (AP) to focus on clients’ ADLs

Instructing assistive personnel to focus on clients’ activities of daily living (ADLs) is important for maintaining basic care, but it is not the highest priority in a disaster situation. The primary focus should be on preventing life-threatening emergencies and ensuring the safety of all clients.

Choice C reason: Stock additional unit supplies

Stocking additional unit supplies is a proactive measure, but it is not the immediate priority during a disaster with limited staff. Ensuring that clients are safe and that life-threatening emergencies are prevented takes precedence over restocking supplies.

Choice D reason: Focus on providing care that prevents life-threatening emergencies

Focusing on providing care that prevents life-threatening emergencies is the highest priority in a disaster situation. With limited staff, it is crucial to prioritize interventions that ensure the immediate safety and well-being of clients. This includes monitoring for and addressing any critical changes in clients’ conditions and providing necessary emergency care.

A. Free T4 B. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) C. Serum T3 D. Serum T4

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Free T4

In primary hypothyroidism, the thyroid gland is underactive and does not produce enough thyroid hormones. As a result, free T4 levels are typically low, not elevated. Free T4 is a direct measure of the active thyroid hormone available in the blood. Therefore, an elevation in free T4 is not expected in primary hypothyroidism.

Choice B reason: Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is elevated in primary hypothyroidism due to the lack of negative feedback from low thyroid hormone levels. The pituitary gland produces more TSH in an attempt to stimulate the thyroid gland to produce more hormones. This is a hallmark finding in primary hypothyroidism and is used as a key diagnostic indicator.

Choice C reason: Serum T3

Serum T3 levels can be variable in primary hypothyroidism. While they may be low, they are often maintained within the normal range until the condition becomes severe. This is because T3 is produced in smaller quantities and has a shorter half-life compared to T4. Therefore, an elevation in serum T3 is not typically seen in primary hypothyroidism.

Choice D reason: Serum T4

Similar to free T4, serum T4 levels are usually low in primary hypothyroidism. The thyroid gland’s reduced ability to produce thyroid hormones results in decreased levels of both free and total T4. Thus, an elevation in serum T4 is not expected in primary hypothyroidism.

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