A nurse is teaching the parents of a child who has ADHD about methylphenidate. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?

This medication might increase the amount of saliva your child produces.

Administer the medication at bedtime.

Your child might gain weight while taking this medication.

Restrict your child’s intake of caffeine while she is taking this medication.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

The correct answer is d. Restrict your child’s intake of caffeine while she is taking this medication.

Choice A Reason:

This statement is incorrect. Methylphenidate does not typically increase saliva production. In fact, it is more commonly associated with dry mouth as a side effect. Therefore, informing parents that the medication might increase saliva production would be misleading and not based on the known side effects of the drug.

Choice B Reason:

This statement is incorrect. Methylphenidate should generally be administered in the morning or early afternoon to avoid insomnia, as it is a stimulant and can interfere with sleep if taken too late in the day. Administering the medication at bedtime would likely cause sleep disturbances, which is counterproductive for managing ADHD symptoms.

Choice C Reason:

This statement is incorrect. Methylphenidate is more commonly associated with weight loss rather than weight gain. The medication can suppress appetite, leading to reduced food intake and potential weight loss. Therefore, it is important to monitor the child’s weight and nutritional intake while on the medication, but weight gain is not a typical concern.

Choice D Reason:

This statement is correct. Caffeine is a stimulant and can exacerbate the side effects of methylphenidate, such as increased heart rate, jitteriness, and anxiety. Therefore, it is advisable to restrict the child’s intake of caffeine while taking this medication to avoid these potential interactions and side effects. This includes limiting consumption of caffeinated beverages like coffee, tea, and certain sodas.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A Reason:

Stable and satisfactory relationships. This statement is incorrect. Individuals with borderline personality disorder (BPD) often struggle with maintaining stable and satisfactory relationships. They may experience intense and unstable relationships characterized by extreme fluctuations between idealization and devaluation of others. This instability is a hallmark of BPD and can lead to significant interpersonal difficulties.

Choice B Reason:

Little tolerance for being alone. This statement is correct. One of the defining characteristics of BPD is a profound fear of abandonment and an intense need for companionship. Individuals with BPD often have little tolerance for being alone and may go to great lengths to avoid real or imagined abandonment. This fear can lead to frantic efforts to maintain relationships, even if they are unhealthy or abusive.

Choice C Reason:

Predictability. This statement is incorrect. People with BPD typically exhibit unpredictable and impulsive behaviors. Their emotional responses can be intense and rapidly changing, making their behavior difficult to predict. This unpredictability can further complicate their relationships and daily functioning.

Choice D Reason:

Controlled anger. This statement is incorrect. Individuals with BPD often struggle with controlling their anger. They may experience intense and inappropriate anger, which can be difficult to manage and may result in aggressive or self-destructive behaviors. This difficulty in controlling anger is another key feature of BPD.

A. Apple pie and coffee B. A bagel with cream cheese and tea C. Pepperoni pizza and red wine D. Potato chips and diet cola

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The correct answer is c. Pepperoni pizza and red wine.

Choice A Reason:

Apple pie and coffee are generally safe to consume while taking MAOIs. These foods do not contain high levels of tyramine, which is the substance that can cause dangerous interactions with MAOIs. Tyramine is found in aged, fermented, or cured foods, and neither apple pie nor coffee falls into these categories.

Choice B Reason:

A bagel with cream cheese and tea is also considered safe for individuals taking MAOIs. Cream cheese is a fresh cheese and does not contain high levels of tyramine. Tea, while containing caffeine, does not pose a significant risk of tyramine interaction.

Choice C Reason:

Pepperoni pizza and red wine are high in tyramine and should be avoided by individuals taking MAOIs. Pepperoni is a cured meat, and red wine is a fermented beverage, both of which can lead to a hypertensive crisis when consumed with MAOIs. This combination can cause a dangerous spike in blood pressure, making it the correct answer to the question.

Choice D Reason:

Potato chips and diet cola do not contain high levels of tyramine and are generally safe to consume while taking MAOIs. Potato chips are not aged or fermented, and diet cola, although containing caffeine, does not pose a significant risk of tyramine interaction.

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A nurse is teaching the parents of a child who has ADHD about methylphenidate. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?

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