A nurse is teaching student nurses about different types of medical conditions that affect the gastrointestinal system, when a student asks her about the cause of esophageal varices. What is an appropriate answer by the nurse when asked about a potential cause of esophageal varices?
"Obesity has been a known cause of esophageal varices"
"It is caused by smoking"
"It is caused by high blood pressure"
"It is caused by chronic liver disease"
The Correct Answer is D
A. While obesity can contribute to various health issues, it is not a direct cause of esophageal varices.
B. Smoking is harmful to overall health, but it is not specifically known to cause esophageal varices.
C. High blood pressure, especially systemic hypertension, is not a direct cause of esophageal varices. However, portal hypertension, which can be caused by liver disease, is the main factor in the development of esophageal varices.
D. Chronic liver disease, particularly cirrhosis, leads to portal hypertension, which in turn causes the veins in the esophagus to become engorged and prone to bleeding, resulting in esophageal varices. This is the most appropriate cause for esophageal varices.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Petroleum jelly should not be used on the nares with oxygen therapy, as it is flammable and could pose a fire hazard. Non-petroleum-based lubricants should be used if needed.
B. A humidifier should be attached to the flow meter when delivering oxygen at higher flow rates (such as 6 L/min) to prevent dryness and irritation of the mucous membranes in the nose and throat.
C. The nasal cannula should generally be kept on during meals to ensure continued oxygen therapy, unless it is uncomfortable or the client has other medical needs.
D. The oxygen tubing should be secured to the client’s body or clothing in a way that does not restrict movement or cause injury, but securing it to the bed sheet could lead to a potential tripping hazard or interfere with mobility.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Cheddar cheese contains lactose and is not an ideal choice for a low-lactose diet, as it may cause discomfort in clients who are lactose intolerant.
B. Cottage cheese also contains lactose, though in smaller amounts than some other dairy products, but it is still not the best choice for someone on a low-lactose diet.
C. Low-fat yogurt may contain some lactose, but it also contains probiotics, which can help with digestion and may be tolerated better than other dairy products. However, for someone on a strict low-lactose diet, it may not be the best choice.
D. Soymilk is a non-dairy alternative and is typically lactose-free, making it the best choice for someone on a low-lactose diet. It provides a dairy-free option for those needing to avoid lactose.
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