A nurse is teaching an older adult client who has diabetes mellitus about preventing the long term complications of retinopathy and nephropathy. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Have an eye examination once per year
Examine your feet carefully every day
Wear compression stockings
"Maintain stable blood glucose level
The Correct Answer is D
A. Have an eye examination once per year - Regular eye examinations are crucial for detecting and managing retinopathy, a complication of diabetes that affects the eyes.
B. Examine your feet carefully every day - Daily foot examinations are essential to detect any early signs of foot problems, which is particularly important in preventing complications like nephropathy.
C. Wear compression stockings - Compression stockings are not directly related to preventing retinopathy and nephropathy in diabetes. They are more commonly used to improve blood flow in the legs.
D. "Maintain stable blood glucose levels" - While maintaining stable blood glucose levels is important for overall diabetes management, it is not specific to preventing retinopathy and nephropathy. It is a general principle for managing diabetes.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","C","D","E"]
Explanation
A: Hepatomegaly is a common manifestation of acromegaly, as excess growth hormone can cause organ enlargement.
B: Moon face is associated with Cushing's syndrome, not acromegaly. In acromegaly, facial changes are characterized by bony enlargement and coarsening of features, not the rounded face seen in Cushing's syndrome.
C: Coarse facial features are a classic sign of acromegaly due to the overgrowth of facial bones and soft tissue, leading to prominent brows, a larger nose, and a protruding jaw.
D: Enlarged distal extremities, such as hands and feet, are typical in acromegaly because of excessive growth hormone, which affects the growth plates in the bones and causes an increase in size and thickness.
E: This can occur due to optic nerve involvement, which is associated with pituitary tumors that can cause acromegaly. Vision changes, including loss of color discrimination, may be noted as a result of pressure on the optic chiasm.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Checking the pedal pulses is important for assessing circulation, but it may not directly address the cause of the muscle spasms. In this case, addressing the electrolyte imbalance is a higher priority.
B. Requesting a relaxant might provide temporary relief for muscle spasms, but it does not address the potential underlying cause. It's important to identify and treat the root issue.
C. Correct. Severe muscle spasms in a client post-thyroidectomy could indicate hypocalcemia, as the parathyroid glands, which regulate calcium levels, can be affected during the surgery. Verifying the most recent calcium level will help determine if this is the cause.
D. Administering an oral potassium supplement addresses a different electrolyte imbalance (hypokalemia), which is not typically associated with muscle spasms following a thyroidectomy. Calcium levels are more relevant in this context.
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