A nurse is teaching an older adult client about vitamin D deficiency. The nurse should encourage the client to consume an adequate amount of vitamin D to prevent which of the following complications?
Dry eyes
Fractures
Infection
Swelling
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: Dry eyes are not caused by vitamin D deficiency, but by other factors such as aging, medication, environmental conditions, or eye diseases. Vitamin D does not have a direct role in eye health or function.
Choice B reason: Fractures are caused by vitamin D deficiency, as vitamin D helps the body absorb calcium, which is essential for bone health and strength. Vitamin D deficiency can lead to osteoporosis, a condition in which the bones become brittle and prone to breaking.
Choice C reason: Infection is not caused by vitamin D deficiency, but by other factors such as exposure to pathogens, weakened immune system, or poor hygiene. Vitamin D may have some role in modulating immune responses, but it is not a primary factor in preventing infection.
Choice D reason: Swelling is not caused by vitamin D deficiency, but by other factors such as injury, inflammation, fluid retention, or allergic reaction. Vitamin D does not have a direct role in regulating fluid balance or reducing inflammation.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Reducing the client's sodium intake is an appropriate intervention for the nurse to take because it can help prevent fluid retention and edema, which are complications of heart failure. Sodium intake should be limited to 2 g per day or less for clients who have heart failure.
Choice B reason: Restricting the client's protein intake is not an appropriate intervention for the nurse to take because it can cause malnutrition and muscle wasting, which can worsen heart failure. Protein intake should be adequate to meet the client's nutritional needs and support cardiac function. Protein intake should be about 0.8 to 1.2 g per kg of body weight per day for clients who have heart failure.
Choice C reason: Weighing the client once per week is not an appropriate intervention for the nurse to take because it can delay the detection and treatment of fluid overload, which can worsen heart failure. The client should be weighed daily at the same time and with the same scale and clothing to monitor fluid status and adjust medication dosage.
Choice D reason: Providing the client with three large meals per day is not an appropriate intervention for the nurse to take because it can increase the workload of the heart and cause dyspnea, fatigue, or chest pain, which are symptoms of heart failure. The client should be provided with small, frequent meals that are low in sodium, fat, and cholesterol to reduce cardiac stress and promote digestion.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Hemoglobin 16 g/dL is within the normal range for adults and does not indicate an adverse effect of TPN.
Choice B reason: Temperature 36.1°C (97°F) is normal and does not indicate an infection or inflammation, which are possible complications of TPN.
Choice C reason: Blood glucose 98 mg/dL is normal and does not indicate hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia, which are common problems associated with TPN.
Choice D reason: Weight gain of 1.5 kg (3 lB. per day is excessive and indicates fluid overload, which can result from too rapid or too high infusion of TPN. Fluid overload can cause edema, hypertension, heart failure, and pulmonary congestion.
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