A nurse is assisting in the selection of food for a client who has hyperkalemia. Which of the following foods should the nurse avoid selecting as it contains the greatest amount of potassium?
1 cup of brown rice
One medium raw tomato
1 oz of cheddar cheese
One small baked potato
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: 1 cup of brown rice contains about 84 mg of potassium, which is low compared to other foods.
Choice B reason: One medium raw tomato contains about 292 mg of potassium, which is moderate compared to other foods.
Choice C reason: 1 oz of cheddar cheese contains about 28 mg of potassium, which is very low compared to other foods.
Choice D reason: One small baked potato contains about 738 mg of potassium, which is very high compared to other foods. Potassium is important for nerve and muscle function, but too much can cause irregular heartbeat, muscle weakness, and nausea.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Alternating the first breast that is offered to the baby with each feeding is a good practice for breastfeeding because it can ensure equal stimulation and drainage of both breasts, which can prevent engorgement, mastitis, or low milk supply. Alternating breasts can also provide the baby with both foremilk and hindmilk, which have different compositions and benefits.
Choice B reason: Storing breast milk in the refrigerator up to 48 hours is not a good practice for breastfeeding because it can reduce the quality and safety of the milk. Breast milk should be stored in the refrigerator for no longer than 24 hours or in the freezer for no longer than 6 months. Breast milk should also be stored in clean, sterile containers and labeled with the date and time of expression.
Choice C reason: Nursing the baby once every 4 hours is not a good practice for breastfeeding because it can decrease the milk production and supply, which can affect the growth and development of the baby. Breastfeeding should be done on demand or at least every 2 to 3 hours during the day and every 3 to 4 hours at night. Breastfeeding should also last for at least 10 to 15 minutes per breast or until the baby is satisfied.
Choice D reason: Offering the baby water between feedings is not a good practice for breastfeeding because it can interfere with the baby's appetite and intake of breast milk, which can cause dehydration, malnutrition, or failure to thrive. Breast milk contains enough water and nutrients to meet the baby's needs for the first six months of life. Water should be avoided or limited until the baby starts solid foods.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Tilt your head forward while you eat is a correct instruction for dysphagia. This position can help prevent choking by closing the airway and directing food and fluids to the back of the mouth and throat.
Choice B reason: Obtain your vitamins in liquid form is not a correct instruction for dysphagia. Liquid vitamins can be too thin and watery for people with dysphagia, as they can easily enter the airway and cause aspiration. Vitamins should be taken in pill or chewable form, or crushed and mixed with thickened liquids or pureed foods.
Choice C reason: Cool foods down to room temperature before consuming is not a correct instruction for dysphagia. Food temperature does not affect the risk of choking for people with dysphagia, as long as the food is not too hot or too cold. Food texture and consistency are more important factors for safe swallowing.
Choice D reason: Drink water with each bite of food is not a correct instruction for dysphagia. Water can also be too thin and watery for people with dysphagia, as it can also enter the airway and cause aspiration. Water should be thickened to a nectar-like, honey-like, or pudding-like consistency, depending on the individual's needs and preferences.
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