A nurse is teaching a group of clients about dietary needs to prevent osteoporosis. Which of the following dietary choices should the nurse recommend as having the highest calcium content?

Choice A reason: Eating more tuna is not an appropriate food choice for a client who has gout because it is high in purines, which are substances that break down into uric acid in the body. Uric acid can form crystals in the joints and cause inflammation and pain, which are symptoms of gout. Tuna should be limited or avoided by clients who have gout.

Choice B reason: Eating more red meat is not an appropriate food choice for a client who has gout because it is high in purines, which are substances that break down into uric acid in the body. Uric acid can form crystals in the joints and cause inflammation and pain, which are symptoms of gout. Red meat should be limited or avoided by clients who have gout.

Choice C reason: Eating blueberries every morning is an appropriate food choice for a client who has gout because they are low in purines and high in antioxidants, which are substances that protect the cells from damage caused by free radicals. Antioxidants can help reduce inflammation and pain, which are symptoms of gout. Blueberries also provide vitamin C, fiber, and water for the client.

Choice D reason: Eating bananas for a snack is not an appropriate food choice for a client who has gout because they are high in fructose, which is a type of sugar that can increase uric acid levels in the blood. Fructose can worsen gout attacks by triggering inflammation and pain in the joints. Bananas should be limited or avoided by clients who have gout.

Choice A reason: Creatinine 0.8 mg/dL is within the normal range (0.6-1.2), and it does not indicate fluid volume excess. Creatinine is a waste product of muscle metabolism that is filtered by the kidneys. High creatinine levels can indicate kidney damage or impaired renal function.

Choice B reason: Hgb 15 g/dL is within the normal range (13-17 for men, 12-16 for women), and it does not indicate fluid volume excess. Hgb stands for hemoglobin, which is a protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen to the tissues. Low hemoglobin levels can indicate anemia, bleeding, or hemolysis.

Choice C reason: BUN 18 mg/dL is within the normal range (7-20), and it does not indicate fluid volume excess. BUN stands for blood urea nitrogen, which is a waste product of protein metabolism that is filtered by the kidneys. High BUN levels can indicate dehydration, kidney damage, or high protein intake.

Choice D reason: Sodium 149 mEq/L is high and indicates fluid volume excess. Sodium is an electrolyte that helps maintain fluid balance, blood pressure, and nerve impulses. High sodium levels can cause fluid retention, edema, hypertension, and heart failure.