A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about physiological changes in the digestive system that occur with aging. The nurse should include older adults might experience which of the following physiological changes?
Increased muscle tone of the bowel
Decreased pH of the stomach
Decreased intestinal peristalsis
Increased gastric acid production
The Correct Answer is C
A. Increased muscle tone of the bowel: Aging generally leads to decreased muscle tone and motility in the bowel, not increased. This option is incorrect.
B. Decreased pH of the stomach: Aging is associated with a decrease in gastric acid production, leading to a higher (less acidic) pH, not a lower (more acidic) pH. This option is incorrect.
C. Decreased intestinal peristalsis: Aging commonly results in decreased intestinal peristalsis, which can lead to constipation and other digestive issues. This option is correct.
D. Increased gastric acid production: Older adults typically experience decreased gastric acid production, not an increase. This option is incorrect.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","D","E"]
Explanation
A. Crackles upon auscultation: Crackles in the lungs can indicate fluid overload, leading to pulmonary edema.
B. Urine-specific gravity greater than 1.030: A urine-specific gravity greater than 1.030 typically indicates dehydration, not fluid volume excess.
C. Swelling at the IV site: Swelling at the IV site usually indicates infiltration or phlebitis, not necessarily fluid volume excess.
D. Bounding pulse: A bounding pulse is a sign of increased blood volume and can indicate fluid overload.
E. Pitting edema: Pitting edema is a common sign of fluid volume excess, particularly in the extremities.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Have the client breathe into a paper bag. Breathing into a paper bag helps retain CO₂, which can correct respiratory alkalosis caused by hyperventilation.
B. Plan to administer insulin to the client. Insulin is used to manage hyperglycemia or diabetic ketoacidosis, not respiratory alkalosis.
C. Plan to administer sodium bicarbonate to the client. Sodium bicarbonate is used to treat metabolic acidosis, not respiratory alkalosis.
D. Have the client place their head between their knees. This position is not a standard intervention for respiratory alkalosis or hyperventilation.
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