A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about physiological changes in the digestive system that occur with aging. The nurse should include older adults might experience which of the following physiological changes?
Increased muscle tone of the bowel
Decreased pH of the stomach
Decreased intestinal peristalsis
Increased gastric acid production
The Correct Answer is C
A. Increased muscle tone of the bowel: Aging generally leads to decreased muscle tone and motility in the bowel, not increased. This option is incorrect.
B. Decreased pH of the stomach: Aging is associated with a decrease in gastric acid production, leading to a higher (less acidic) pH, not a lower (more acidic) pH. This option is incorrect.
C. Decreased intestinal peristalsis: Aging commonly results in decreased intestinal peristalsis, which can lead to constipation and other digestive issues. This option is correct.
D. Increased gastric acid production: Older adults typically experience decreased gastric acid production, not an increase. This option is incorrect.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. "Increase your daily fluid intake." Increasing fluid intake can help soften the stool, making it easier to pass and reducing constipation.
B. "Try to defecate at different times of the day." Establishing a regular time each day for bowel movements can help train the bowel and prevent constipation.
C. "Consume a low-fiber diet." A low-fiber diet can worsen constipation. A high-fiber diet is recommended to add bulk to the stool and promote regular bowel movements.
D. "Reduce your daily activity." Regular physical activity helps stimulate bowel motility and can reduce the likelihood of constipation.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Metabolic Acidosis: Clients with COPD are more prone to respiratory acid-base imbalances rather than metabolic ones.
B. Respiratory Alkalosis: COPD is characterized by chronic retention of CO₂, leading to acidosis, not alkalosis.
C. Metabolic Alkalosis: Metabolic alkalosis is not commonly associated with COPD.
D. Respiratory Acidosis: Clients with COPD are at risk for respiratory acidosis due to the retention of carbon dioxide (CO₂), which occurs when alveolar ventilation is impaired.
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