A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about physiological changes in the digestive system that occur with aging. The nurse should include older adults might experience which of the following physiological changes?
Increased muscle tone of the bowel
Decreased pH of the stomach
Decreased intestinal peristalsis
Increased gastric acid production
The Correct Answer is C
A. Increased muscle tone of the bowel: Aging generally leads to decreased muscle tone and motility in the bowel, not increased. This option is incorrect.
B. Decreased pH of the stomach: Aging is associated with a decrease in gastric acid production, leading to a higher (less acidic) pH, not a lower (more acidic) pH. This option is incorrect.
C. Decreased intestinal peristalsis: Aging commonly results in decreased intestinal peristalsis, which can lead to constipation and other digestive issues. This option is correct.
D. Increased gastric acid production: Older adults typically experience decreased gastric acid production, not an increase. This option is incorrect.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Body Image: Body image stressors relate to how a person perceives their physical self. This is not relevant to the scenario of work and family stress.
B. Self-esteem: Self-esteem stressors relate to a person’s sense of self-worth. While stress from work and family can affect self-esteem, the primary issue here is more related to role performance.
C. Role performance: Role performance stressors relate to how well an individual perceives they are fulfilling their roles in life, such as work, parenting, or caregiving. The client’s stress about balancing work and family responsibilities indicates a role performance issue. This is the correct answer.
D. Identity: Identity stressors involve a person’s sense of who they are. While stress from work and family can affect identity, the primary issue here is more specifically related to role performance.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Have the client breathe into a paper bag. Breathing into a paper bag helps retain CO₂, which can correct respiratory alkalosis caused by hyperventilation.
B. Plan to administer insulin to the client. Insulin is used to manage hyperglycemia or diabetic ketoacidosis, not respiratory alkalosis.
C. Plan to administer sodium bicarbonate to the client. Sodium bicarbonate is used to treat metabolic acidosis, not respiratory alkalosis.
D. Have the client place their head between their knees. This position is not a standard intervention for respiratory alkalosis or hyperventilation.
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