A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about contributing factors that can lead to the development of conduct disorder.
Which of the following factors related to family dynamics should the nurse include in the teaching?

Choice A rationale:

Supplemental oxygen is given to the patient to prevent hypoxia and tissue damage due to pneumonia. Pneumonia is an infection that inflames the air sacs in one or both lungs, which may fill with fluid or pus, causing cough with phlegm or pus, fever, chills, and difficulty breathing. Hypoxia occurs when the body or a region of the body is deprived of adequate oxygen supply at the tissue level. It can cause serious damage to your heart, brain, and other organs. Hence, supplemental oxygen is administered to ensure that the patient’s tissues receive adequate oxygen.

Choice B rationale:

While supplemental oxygen can indirectly help lower blood pressure by improving oxygen supply and reducing strain on the heart, it is not primarily used for this purpose. Enalapril, which the patient is already taking, is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor that is commonly used to lower blood pressure and reduce the workload of the heart.

Choice C rationale:

Supplemental oxygen does increase the oxygen saturation and improve respiratory function. However, this is a more general rationale for providing supplemental oxygen and not specific to this patient’s condition of pneumonia.

Choice D rationale:

Supplemental oxygen does not directly dilate the bronchioles or decrease inflammation in the lungs. Medications such as bronchodilators and corticosteroids are typically used for these purposes. In this case, supplemental oxygen is being used to prevent hypoxia and tissue damage due to pneumonia.

The correct answer is Choice B

Choice A rationale: Dermatologist referral is appropriate for severe or treatment-resistant acne, not first-line advice for mild to moderate adolescent acne.

Choice B rationale: Daily cleansing with mild soap removes excess oil and bacteria, reducing clogged pores and inflammation without irritating the skin barrier.

Choice C rationale: Expressing blackheads can damage follicles, increase inflammation, and risk scarring or infection, especially without sterile technique.

Choice D rationale: Diet’s role in acne is inconclusive; while some foods may influence acne in sensitive individuals, evidence does not support blanket elimination of chocolate or fried foods.