A nurse is teaching a group of older adults about risk factors for developing a stroke. Which non-modifiable risk factors should the nurse include in the teaching?

Choice A rationale
Speaking slowly and clearly using yes/no questions one at a time can help facilitate communication with a client diagnosed with aphasia.
Choice B rationale

Asking a family member if they know what the client wants may not always be effective, as the client may have difficulty expressing their needs even to family members.
Choice C rationale
Repeating the same question multiple times may not be effective and could potentially frustrate the client.
Choice D rationale
Putting a cell phone in their right hand to text their questions assumes that the client has the ability to text, which may not be the case for all clients diagnosed with aphasia.

Choice B rationale
If a patient states that he cannot see the top of the Snellen chart, the nurse should determine whether the patient can count fingers. If the patient is unable to read the top line of the Snellen

chart at 6 meters, the nurse can reduce the distance to 3 meters from the Snellen chart. If the patient still cannot read the chart, the nurse can then determine whether the patient can count fingers.
Choice A rationale
While documenting findings is an important part of the nursing process, it would not be the immediate action the nurse should take if a patient cannot see the top of the Snellen chart.
Choice C rationale
Obtaining a tumbling E chart to assess visual acuity could be considered if the patient is unable to read letters or numbers, but it would not be the immediate action the nurse should take if a patient cannot see the top of the Snellen chart.
Choice D rationale
Completing an internal eye exam would not be the immediate action the nurse should take if a patient cannot see the top of the Snellen chart.