A nurse is teaching a client who is prescribed COCs about the mechanism of action of these pills.

The nurse should explain that COCs prevent pregnancy by?

The correct answer is choiceD.

All of the above.

Here is why:

• Choice A is correct because obtaining informed consent from the client is a necessary step before any invasive procedure, including IUD insertion.
• Choice B is correct because performing a Pap smear and cervical culture can help screen for cervical cancer and sexually transmitted infections, which are contraindications for IUD use.
• Choice C is correct because administering an analgesic medication can help reduce the pain and discomfort associated with IUD insertion, especially in nulliparous women who have a smaller cervical diameter.
• Choice D is correct because it includes all of the above actions, which are recommended by the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) for IUD insertion in nulliparous women.
• Choice A is wrong if it is the only action taken, because it does not address the other aspects of IUD insertion such as screening and pain management.
• Choice B is wrong if it is the only action taken, because it does not ensure the client’s consent and comfort during the procedure.
• Choice C is wrong if it is the only action taken, because it does not verify the client’s eligibility and suitability for IUD use.

The correct answer is choice B and E.Bilateral tubal ligation (BTL) is a permanent form of contraception that involves cutting, tying or blocking the fallopian tubes to prevent pregnancy.It can be performed within 24 hours following childbirthand it is immediately effective.

Choice A is wrong because BTL does not provide protection against sexually transmitted infections (STIs).

People who have BTL should still use condoms to prevent STIs.

Choice C is wrong because BTL does not increase the risk for an ectopic pregnancy.

An ectopic pregnancy is when a fertilized egg implants outside the uterus, usually in the fallopian tube.

BTL prevents fertilization by blocking the passage of eggs and sperm.

Choice D is wrong because BTL does not require abdominal surgery with general anesthesia.

BTL can be done using different methods, such as laparoscopy, minilaparotomy, or hysteroscopy.

These methods use small incisions or no incisions at all and can be done with local or regional anesthesia.