A nurse is teaching a client about self-administering a subcutaneous injection to the abdomen. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Select an injection site on the abdomen 5 cm (2 in) from the umbilicus.
Expel the air bubble in a prefilled syringe before injecting the medication.
Aspirate prior to injecting the medication.
Insert the needle at a 15° angle.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale:
Selecting an injection site on the abdomen 5 cm (2 in) from the umbilicus might be an appropriate instruction for some subcutaneous injections, but the specific injection site can vary based on the medication and client's needs. This choice is not a universal instruction for all subcutaneous injections.
Choice B rationale:
Expelling the air bubble from a prefilled syringe before injecting the medication is essential to ensure accurate dosing. Air bubbles can displace medication and lead to underdosing. This step is crucial for safe and effective administration.
Choice C rationale:
Aspirating prior to injecting medication is a technique used for intramuscular injections to ensure the needle is not in a blood vessel. However, for subcutaneous injections, aspirating is not necessary or recommended, as it can cause tissue damage and discomfort.
Choice D rationale:
Inserting the needle at a 15° angle is not a standard practice for subcutaneous injections. Subcutaneous injections are typically administered at a 45° or 90° angle, depending on the needle length and client's body composition. A 15° angle would not ensure proper medication delivery.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Encouraging the client to ambulate is not appropriate when the client has a high fever of 40°C (104°F). Ambulation requires physical exertion and can potentially worsen the client's condition, especially when they are already experiencing discomfort due to the fever.
Choice B rationale:
Giving the client a cold sponge bath might seem like a logical approach to reduce fever; however, it is not the most effective and safest method. Cold water can cause vasoconstriction and shivering, potentially increasing the body's metabolic demands and raising the temperature further. Additionally, sudden temperature changes can be uncomfortable and may not provide sustained fever reduction.
Choice C rationale:
Administering antipyretics as prescribed is the correct choice. Antipyretic medications, such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen, work to lower fever by acting on the hypothalamus, the body's temperature-regulating center. By reducing fever, the body's metabolic rate and oxygen consumption are decreased, which can help prevent complications associated with high fever, such as dehydration and discomfort.
Choice D rationale:
Providing a cooling fan can offer some comfort, but it might not be sufficient to effectively lower the client's high fever. Fans primarily work by promoting evaporative cooling, which may not be efficient when the body temperature is significantly elevated. Additionally, relying solely on a cooling fan might delay the necessary intervention of administering antipyretic medication.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Providing a cup of hot chocolate prior to bedtime is not a suitable intervention for a client reporting difficulty sleeping. Hot chocolate contains caffeine, which can act as a stimulant and interfere with sleep. Caffeine is known to disrupt sleep patterns and should be avoided close to bedtime.
Choice B rationale:
Scheduling exercise activities at least 3 hours before bedtime is the correct intervention for a client experiencing difficulty sleeping. Regular exercise promotes better sleep quality by helping to regulate the sleep-wake cycle and improve sleep duration. However, exercising too close to bedtime can have a stimulating effect, making it harder for the client to fall asleep. By scheduling exercise activities earlier in the day, the client's body will have sufficient time to wind down before bedtime, leading to improved sleep.
Choice C rationale:
Keeping soft music playing at bedtime and throughout the night might not be effective for everyone. While soft music can create a calming environment and help some individuals relax, it may not address the underlying causes of the client's difficulty sleeping. Additionally, some people might find background noise disruptive to their sleep. Therefore, this option might not be as effective as adjusting the timing of exercise.
Choice D rationale:
Scheduling mealtime 2 hours before bedtime is generally a good practice, but it might not directly address the client's reported difficulty sleeping. Consuming heavy or spicy meals close to bedtime can cause discomfort and indigestion, which might interfere with sleep. However, adjusting mealtime alone might not be sufficient to resolve the client's sleep issues, especially if other factors are contributing to their insomnia.
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