A nurse is teaching a client about crutch walking using the three-point gait. Which of the following statements by the nurse should be included in the teaching?
"Support your body weight on the underarm crutch pads."
"Look down at your feet before moving the crutches."
"Place one crutch forward with the opposite foot and then place the second crutch forward followed by the second foot."
"Move both crutches forward while standing on the unaffected leg, then lift and swing your body past the crutches."
The Correct Answer is D
A. Crutches should not be used to support body weight under the arms, as this can cause nerve damage or discomfort. Instead, weight should be supported on the hands and arms, with the crutches positioned to support the client’s weight. Proper use involves placing the crutches slightly in front of the feet, with weight supported on the hands, not the underarms.
B. While it's important to be aware of your surroundings, looking down at your feet can be counterproductive as it may affect balance and coordination. The client should maintain an upright posture and look ahead to ensure proper gait and balance while moving. This helps in coordinating the movement of crutches and feet more effectively.
C. In a four-point gait, each crutch and foot move alternately, which is different from the three-point gait. The three-point gait involves moving both crutches and the affected leg forward simultaneously, followed by the unaffected leg.
D. In the three-point gait, the client moves both crutches forward at the same time while keeping the affected leg off the ground or in a non-weight-bearing position. Then, the client swings the unaffected leg forward to step past the crutches. This method ensures that weight is only placed on the unaffected leg while moving.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Scrambled eggs are soft, moist, and easy to chew and swallow, making them suitable for a mechanically altered diet.
B. Cottage cheese is soft and moist, which makes it easy to swallow and suitable for clients on a mechanically altered diet.
C. A piece of wheat toast is hard and dry, and it requires significant chewing. It is not suitable for a mechanically altered diet because it can pose a choking hazard and is difficult to swallow for individuals with chewing or swallowing difficulties.
D. Sliced banana is soft and moist, which makes it easy to chew and swallow. It is appropriate for a mechanically altered diet.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Tempeh is a fermented soybean product, but it's not a reliable source of vitamin B12. While it can contain some vitamin B12, the amount can vary depending on the production process.
B. Sunflower margarine is a plant-based product and does not contain vitamin B12.
C. Sea vegetables can contain some vitamin B12, but the amount is often unreliable and can vary depending on the type of sea vegetable and where it was grown.
D. Algae is the most reliable plant-based source of vitamin B12. It's a common ingredient in many vegan vitamin B12 supplements and fortified foods.
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