A nurse is teaching a class at a local senior center regarding safety in the home. A client states, “I am afraid of falling because I live alone and have no one to help me.” Which of the following statements should the nurse make?

Choice A reason: A 10-year budget is impractical for cost containment, as healthcare costs fluctuate due to economic and technological changes. Long-term budgets lack flexibility for staffing or equipment needs, making them ineffective for ensuring cost-effective care delivery in dynamic healthcare environments.
Choice B reason: Hiring travel nurses increases costs due to high salaries and agency fees compared to permanent staff. While addressing short-term shortages, it does not promote long-term savings, as temporary labor is expensive, contrasting with strategies like workforce planning for cost containment.
Choice C reason: Reducing training programs may lower short-term costs but risks errors and lawsuits, increasing long-term expenses. Well-trained staff improve efficiency and outcomes, reducing readmissions. Training is critical for cost containment, as it enhances care quality in healthcare settings.
Choice D reason: Electronic health records (EHRs) reduce long-term costs by streamlining documentation and improving care coordination. EHRs enhance billing accuracy and reduce errors, offsetting initial costs with decreased administrative burdens and better patient outcomes, aligning with evidence-based cost containment strategies in healthcare.

Choice A reason: Cardiogenic shock involves reduced cardiac output, typically with low PAWP due to decreased preload from poor heart function. Elevated PAWP reflects left atrial pressure buildup, not characteristic of cardiogenic shock alone, which is distinct from heart failure, requiring specific hemodynamic management.
Choice B reason: Elevated PAWP indicates left ventricular failure, where the heart cannot pump blood effectively, causing pulmonary congestion. This increases left atrial pressure, leading to pulmonary edema, a hallmark of heart failure. Diuretics and inotropes are needed to reduce fluid overload and improve cardiac function.
Choice C reason: Hypotension is a symptom, not a direct complication of elevated PAWP. It may occur in heart failure due to reduced cardiac output, but elevated PAWP specifically signals left heart dysfunction, not hypotension itself, which is a systemic response rather than a primary cardiac issue.
Choice D reason: Hypovolemia reduces blood volume, lowering PAWP due to decreased preload. Elevated PAWP suggests fluid overload or left ventricular dysfunction, not hypovolemia, which presents with low central venous pressure and dehydration signs, requiring fluid resuscitation rather than management of heart failure.