A nurse is teaching a class about spirituality in clients who are near the end of life.
Which of the following information should the nurse include?

Choice A rationale:

Alcohol consumption is a modifiable risk factor that can have negative health consequences. However, it is not the primary factor to focus on when discussing ways to improve health. Excessive alcohol consumption can lead to liver disease, addiction, and other health issues, but it's not the most critical modifiable risk factor for many people.

Choice B rationale:

Family history is not a modifiable risk factor. It's essential information for assessing a person's risk for various health conditions, but it cannot be changed or improved upon. Therefore, it's not the primary focus when teaching someone how to improve their health.

Choice D rationale:

A sedentary lifestyle is a modifiable risk factor and is crucial for improving health. Prolonged inactivity can lead to various health problems, such as obesity, cardiovascular disease, and muscle weakness. While it's an important factor, it's not the top priority for improving health in this context.

Choice E rationale:

Weight is a modifiable risk factor, and it is closely related to diet and physical activity. Maintaining a healthy weight is essential for overall health, and it often involves a combination of dietary choices and physical activity. However, focusing on diet itself is more specific and directly actionable when providing health improvement advice. Now, let's move on to the next question.

Choice A rationale:

Increased sensitivity to touch is not typically an age-related change in older adults. In fact, older adults often experience a decrease in sensitivity due to factors like reduced skin elasticity and changes in nerve function.

Choice C rationale:

Increased peripheral vision is not a common age-related change. Visual changes in older adults usually involve decreased visual acuity, difficulties with night vision, and increased sensitivity to glare.

Choice D rationale:

An increase in the size of pupils is not an expected age-related change. Pupils may become smaller and react more sluggishly to changes in light in older adults, but a consistent increase in pupil size is not a common finding.

Choice B rationale:

An increase in cerumen in the ear canal is a common age-related change. Cerumen, or earwax, can accumulate more in older adults due to changes in the composition of earwax and slower migration of earwax out of the ear canal. It can lead to hearing difficulties and may need management. Moving on to the last question.