A nurse is reviewing the medication history of a client who has a urinary tract infection caused by Escherichia coli.
Which of the following antimicrobial agents should the nurse expect the provider to prescribe for this client?

Amoxicillin-clavulanate is an antibiotic that belongs to the penicillin group and is effective against Escherichia coli, the most common cause of urinary tract infections (UTIs).It works by inhibiting the bacterial cell wall synthesis and preventing the bacteria from producing an enzyme that makes them resistant to penicillin.

Choice B is wrong becauseVancomycin is wrong because it is an antibiotic that is used to treat serious infections caused by gram-positive bacteria, such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).It is not effective against gram-negative bacteria, such as Escherichia coli.

Choice C is wrong becausePenicillin G is wrong because it is an antibiotic that is effective against some gram-positive bacteria, such as Streptococcus and Neisseria.However, many strains of Escherichia coli are resistant to penicillin G and can produce an enzyme called beta-lactamase that breaks down the antibiotic.

Choice D is wrong becauseAcyclovir is wrong because it is an antiviral drug that is used to treat infections caused by herpes simplex virus (HSV) and varicella-zoster virus (VZV).It has no activity against bacteria, such as Escherichia coli.

This is because alcohol can increase the risk of liver damage and other side effects from fluconazole.Fluconazole is an antifungal medicine that is used to treat infections caused by fungus, such as yeast infections.

Choice A is wrong because fluconazole can be taken with or without food.

Food does not affect the absorption of the medicine.

Choice C is wrong because fluconazole can reduce the effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives, such as birth control pills, patches, rings, or injections.Therefore, a barrier method of contraception, such as condoms or diaphragms, should be used in addition to the hormonal method while taking fluconazole and for at least 1 week after the last dose.

Choice D is wrong because a rash can be a sign of a serious allergic reaction to fluconazole.

If a rash develops, the medication should not be stopped without consulting a doctor.Other symptoms of an allergic reaction include hives, itching, swelling, difficulty breathing, or fever.