A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a toddler who has moderate dehydration. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Decreased hematocrit

Increased respiratory rate

Decreased heart rate

Increased platelet count

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Decreased hematocrit: Hematocrit usually increases in dehydration due to the concentration of red blood cells in a smaller volume of plasma.

B. Increased respiratory rate: Dehydration can lead to tachypnea (increased respiratory rate) as the body attempts to compensate for the decreased blood volume and maintain oxygen delivery.

C. Decreased heart rate: Dehydration typically causes tachycardia (increased heart rate) as the body tries to maintain adequate blood circulation and pressure.

D. Increased platelet count: Dehydration does not typically affect platelet count significantly, though it may concentrate blood components, including platelets, making them appear elevated on a lab test.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. "Your newborn will receive the first DTaP vaccine during the initial well-baby visit.": The first dose of DTaP is typically given at 2 months, not at the newborn stage.

B. "Your newborn should receive an immunization for MMR at 6 months.": The MMR vaccine is usually administered at 12-15 months, not at 6 months.

C. "Your newborn is scheduled to have a hepatitis B vaccine prior to discharge.": Hepatitis B vaccine is recommended to be given within 24 hours of birth as the first dose of a series.

D. "Your newborn should receive the PCV vaccine two times prior to his first birthday.": The pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) schedule starts at 2 months with multiple doses, but not specifically "two times" before the first birthday.

A. Ribbon Like, foul-smelling stools B. Chronic hunger C. Projectile vomiting D. Rigid abdomen

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Ribbon Like, foul-smelling stools: Hirschsprung disease is characterized by a lack of nerve cells in parts of the colon, leading to obstruction and resulting in narrow, ribbon-like stools due to the passage through a narrowed section of bowel.

B. Chronic hunger: This is not typical for Hirschsprung disease. Children may actually have a poor appetite due to discomfort and constipation.

C. Projectile vomiting: Projectile vomiting is more commonly associated with pyloric stenosis, not Hirschsprung disease.

D. Rigid abdomen: While abdominal distention can occur due to severe constipation and fecal impaction, a rigid abdomen is more indicative of a more acute or severe abdominal condition, such as peritonitis or severe bowel obstruction.

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A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a toddler who has moderate dehydration. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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