A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results for a client who reports vomiting and diarrhea for 2 days.
Which of the following laboratory findings should the nurse expect?
Hypermagnesemia.
Hyponatremia.
Hypocalcemia.
D. Hyperkalemia.
The Correct Answer is B
This means low sodium levels in the blood.
Sodium is an electrolyte that helps regulate fluid balance and nerve and muscle function.
Vomiting and diarrhea can cause dehydration and loss of sodium through fluids.
Normal sodium levels are between 135 to 145 millimole/Liter.
Choice A is wrong because hypermagnesemia means high magnesium levels in the blood.
Magnesium is another electrolyte that helps with nerve and muscle function, as well as blood pressure and blood sugar regulation.
Hypermagnesemia is rare and usually caused by kidney failure or excessive use of magnesium supplements or laxatives.
Normal magnesium levels are between 1.46 to 2.68 milligram/deciliter.
Choice C is wrong because hypocalcemia means low calcium levels in the blood.
Calcium is an electrolyte that helps with bone health, muscle contraction, blood clotting and nerve signaling.
Hypocalcemia can be caused by vitamin D deficiency, kidney disease, thyroid problems or certain medications.
Normal calcium levels are between 8.8 to 10.7 milligram/deciliter.
Choice D is wrong because hyperkalemia means high potassium levels in the blood.
Potassium is an electrolyte that helps with nerve and muscle function, especially the heart.
Hyperkalemia can be caused by kidney disease, diabetes, adrenal gland disorders or certain medications.
Normal potassium levels are between 3.6 to 5.5 millimole/Liter.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
The correct answer is choice D. “You are feeling angry that your family continues to wish for a cure?”.
This response reflects the client’s feelings and encourages further communication.
It also shows empathy and respect for the client’s situation.
Choice A is wrong because it implies that the client is responsible for their family’s lack of understanding.
It may also make the client feel defensive or guilty.
Choice B is wrong because it is judgmental and dismissive of the client’s feelings.
It may also discourage the client from expressing their emotions.
Choice C is wrong because it focuses on the nurse’s needs rather than the client’s.
It may also sound intrusive or presumptuous to the client.
Hospice care is for people who are in the final stages of an incurable illness and want to focus on comfort and quality of life rather than curative treatments.
Hospice care teams provide physical, emotional, social, and spiritual support to clients and their families.
Hospice care can be provided at home, in a hospital, in a nursing home, or in a specialized hospice center.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
According to the CDC1, chlorine bleach is an effective disinfectant for killing C. difficile spores on environmental surfaces.
It should be used in a 1:10 dilution of household bleach and water, freshly mixed daily.
Chlorine bleach can also kill other pathogens that may be present in the room of a client with C. difficile infection.
Choice A is wrong because chlorhexidine is not effective against C. difficile spores.
Chlorhexidine is an antiseptic that can be used for hand hygiene and surgical asepsis, but it does not kill spores.
Choice B is wrong because isopropyl alcohol is also not effective against C. difficile spores.
Alcohol-based hand sanitizers are not sufficient for preventing the spread of C. difficile, and soap and water should be used instead.
Choice D is wrong because triclosan is a type of antibacterial agent that is commonly found in some consumer products, such as soap and toothpaste. However, triclosan has no activity against C. difficile spores.
Triclosan may also contribute to antibiotic resistance and has potential adverse effects on human health and the environment.
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