A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results for a client who has chronic kidney disease. Which of the following laboratory findings should the nurse expect?

Choice A rationale
Obesity is not a direct cause of renal calculi. However, it can be a risk factor due to associated conditions such as metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and hypertension, which can contribute to stone formation. Weight management and a healthy lifestyle can help reduce the risk of kidney stones.
Choice B rationale
Dehydration is a significant risk factor for the formation of renal calculi. When the body is dehydrated, the urine becomes concentrated, leading to the crystallization of minerals and the formation of stones. Adequate hydration is essential in preventing kidney stones by diluting the urine and reducing the concentration of stone-forming substances.
Choice C rationale

Iron deficiency is not associated with the formation of renal calculi. Iron deficiency primarily affects red blood cell production and can lead to anemia. It does not contribute to the crystallization of minerals in the urine or the formation of kidney stones.
Choice D rationale
Protein in the urine, or proteinuria, is not a direct cause of renal calculi. Proteinuria is often a sign of kidney damage or disease but does not lead to stone formation. The presence of protein in the urine should be evaluated to determine the underlying cause and appropriate treatment.

Choice A rationale
Rifampin does not cause amenorrhea when taken with oral contraceptives. However, it can reduce the effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives, including oral contraceptives, due to its enzyme-inducing properties. This means that women taking rifampin should use an alternative or additional non-hormonal method of contraception to prevent pregnancy.
Choice B rationale
Rifampin can cause discoloration of body fluids, including tears, which can stain contact lenses. This is why it is recommended to wear glasses instead of contact lenses while taking this medication.
Choice C rationale
A yellow tint to the skin is not an expected reaction to rifampin. However, rifampin can cause a harmless red-orange discoloration of body fluids such as urine, sweat, saliva, and tears.
Choice D rationale
Lifelong treatment with rifampin is not necessary. The duration of treatment for active tuberculosis typically ranges from 6 to 9 months, depending on the specific treatment regimen and the patient’s response to therapy.